Renews March 8, 2023 Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Latest answer posted April 25, 2021 at 12:11:24 AM. for a group? Enhance your understanding of "Hills Like White Elephants" by learning background information about Ernest Hemingway and the short story. When the story opens, he is waiting at. It is possible that they are married. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. If the hills represent female fertility, swollen abdomen, and breasts, she could be suggesting that he is not the type of person ever to intentionally have a child. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Why is Jig given a name but not the American in "Hills Like White Elephants"? Ive never seen one, the man drank his beer. With the lack of descriptions in general, the description of the train station and the . Generally, "Hills Like White Elephants" analysis focuses on the ending: what does the girl mean when she says "I'm fine," and does she choose to go along with the man or keep the baby? The Girl (Jig) Character Timeline in Hills Like White Elephants The timeline below shows where the character The Girl (Jig) appears in Hills Like White Elephants. Neglecting to acknowledge something one finds unwanted in a relationship, can cause previous issues to remain unsolved, thus linger underneath the surface like an iceberg in the ocean, as it is shown in "Hills Like White Elephants" by Ernest Hemingway. This comes after some of her most direct, powerful, and--from a writing perspective--most embellished statements in the story, talking about how they could have had it all. The author uses a lot of rhetorical devices to convey his message but mostly use imagery and symbolism. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. This reading also points to her general passivity in the story - she doesn't really do anything the whole time - and Hemingway's general body of work when it comes to female characters. The story's central idea is that communication is the key for a long-lasting relationship. The man. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Obviously, this mother-to-be is facing a difficult situation: she's been given a choice that she really doesn't have the authority to make. The girl says she's fine, that there's nothing wrong with her, and the story ends. Its the only thats made us unhappy., And you think then well be all right and be happy. I know we will. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. The exact topic of their conversation isn't revealed, but from context clues and symbols readers can deduce that Jig is pregnant, and the man is trying to convince her to have an abortion. The characters never directly say that they're talking about pregnancy and abortion, but that's the heart of their conversation and the entire story. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Specify your topic, deadline, number of pages and other requirements. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. The relationship between the two characters in "Hills Like White Elephants" is a romantic and sexual one. Since its release in 1927, "Hills Like White Elephants" has been the subject of much interpretation and analysis; critics have dubbed it both feminist and anti-feminist, based on their interpretations of the story's final moments. We sense that she is tired of traveling, of letting the man make all the decisions, of allowing the man to talk incessantly until he convinces her that his way is the right way. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. She is more insightful about both the nature of their lifestyle and the future of their relationship than the . As the presumable couple sits down with their beers, it seems that the story is going to be an account of a pleasant afternoon of vacationing lovers waiting for a train. And I know its perfectly simple., Would you do something for me now? Id do anything for you. Would you please please please please please please please stop talking?. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Contact us The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. The way the content is organized, In accordance with Hemingways characteristically sparse style, this main character is identified only as the man and occasionally the American without any identifying descriptors or background information. I feel fine. This final act of concealment and self-suppression suggests that this relationship, so representative of the traditional dynamic between men and women at the time,will remain stalled in its present unhealthy stateuntil it likely falls apart completely. It was published later that year as part of Hemingway's short story collection Men Without Women. She, of course, desires the beauty, loveliness, and fertility of the fields of grain, but she knows that she has to be content with the barren sterility of an imminent abortion and the continued presence of a man who is inadequate. Also known as the "theory of omission," Hemingway's Iceberg Theory contends that the words on the page should be merely a small part of the whole storythey are the proverbial "tip of the iceberg," and a writer should use as few words as possible in order to indicate the larger, unwritten story that resides below the surface. One side of the station has . The girl seems to relent at one point, agreeing to have the procedure if it will make the man love her, but by the end of the story she remains unconvinced and tells the man to quit talking. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. She sees the name of a drink, Anis Del Toro, and the man orders two. "Hills Like White Elephants" is set in Spain. I don't want anyone else," which makes it clear that there will be "somebody else" unless the woman has the operation. The setting of the story is the Ebro River Valley in Spain. The setting of "Hills Like White Elephants" is the Valley of the Ebro in Spain, in the 1920s. There are three characters: the American (the man), the Girl (Jig), and the waitress (the woman). But I dont want you to do it if you dont really want to. Hemingways couple pretends to be conflicted regarding the effects a child will have on an otherwise loving, mutually-supportive relationship, but the reality appears far different. Readers in the 1990s had become accustomed to reading between the lines of fictional narrative and didn't like to be told, in minute detail, everything about the characters. At the time, editors tried to second-guess what the reading public wanted, and, first, they felt as though they had to buy stories that told stories, that had plots. The desires of the two characters are hidden from each other and the communication between the two breaks down. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." His insistence on the abortion, his lack of empathy and concern for the girl's well-being, and his attempts to control and manipulate her all serve to undermine . Summary and Analysis The shape of an elephant might also be a small hint at a baby bump, revealing more of the story's hidden meaning. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Create your account. white elephant something of little or no value. This makes sense in the context of the hills that she says look like "white elephants," as well as the title of the story. An error occurred trying to load this video. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Ernest Hemingway and Hills Like White Elephants Background. I'm Amy, Throughout the story, the girl appears helpless, confused, and indecisive. The procedure is never named, but from context clues it becomes clear that the man is trying to convince the girl to have an abortion. for a group? lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. What is so important about the setting in "Hills Like White Elephants"? Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Finally the dam is broken in the climactic moment. Its not really an operation at all.. The title "Hills Like White Elephants" is a symbol within Hemingway's short story that requires analysis to depict its meaning and relevance to the story as well. Complete your free account to request a guide. The protagonist in Ernest Hemingway's 'Hills Like White Elephants' - identified only as 'the girl' - actually shares both sentiments at the same time. Her questions are not those of a mature, worldly-wise woman, but, instead, they are those of a young person who is eager and anxious to please the man she is with. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Chat with professional writers to choose the paper writer that suits you best. Map. Hills Like White Elephants, Full Glossary for Hemingway's Short Stories. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Dont have an account? For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Hi! your personal assistant! 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Joshua holds a master's degree in Latin and has taught a variety of Classical literature and language courses. At the heart of Hills Like White Elephants is Hemingways examination of the man and girls deeply flawed relationship, a relationship that champions freedom at the cost of honesty, respect, and commitment. The point of contention between them is that the man wants Jig to have an abortion, and Jig seems hesitant. When the woman asks, "And you really want to? Youve successfully purchased a group discount. But if the story is new to you, you might feel less certain about it. The American continues to try to reassure the girl: letting her know the procedure is simple and safe (it really wasn't safe at that time). Struggling with distance learning? The tension between the two is almost as sizzling as the heat of the Spanish sun. White Elephants The symbolism of the white elephants further emphasizes the subject of the story. Also learn about the Iceberg Theory. At fewer than 1,500 words, "Hills Like White Elephants" exemplifies this theory through its brevity and the noticeable absence of the word "abortion," even though that is clearly the main subject of the story. Although the elderly man is without a companion or anyone waiting at home for him, he indulges his lapses from reality in a dignified and refined manner, expressed in his choosing of a clean, well-lighted place in the late hours of the night. Some interpretations of "Hills Like White Elephants" hold that they are a way for the man to control Jig. The girl says the hills look like white elephants for a couple reasons. Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/relationship-in-hills-like-white-elephants/. An unnamed American man and a woman he calls Jig are involved, and she has become pregnant. She also realizes that she is not loved, at least not unconditionally. Pay the writer only for a finished, plagiarism-free essay that meets all your requirements. A Clean, Well-Lighted Place. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. He claims that he wants her to have the operation because the pregnancy is 'the only thing that bothers us,' demonstrating that he's not actually concerned with her point of view at all. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. What does the name Jig mean in "Hills Like White Elephants" and why does he call her that? read analysis of The Woman (the Waitress). When the girl comments that the hills look like white elephants and the man says he's never seen one, she answers, "No, you wouldn't have." SparkNotes PLUS Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! She also moves the story along in time. Our writers will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+! Ive never seen one, the man drank his beer. "Hills Like White Elephants'" characters are mostly unnamed. Jig seems to be unconvinced by the American's assurances that the couple will be "fine afterward. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. Thus, the "gift" could become a sort of curse, though it was meant to be a blessing. He claims that she "know[s] how [he] get[s]." on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Throughout this dialogue, the girl's crumbling realization that she is not truly loved is a strong undercurrent that creates tension and suppressed fear. 219 lessons. (2021, July 31). Sustana, Catherine. Thus we come to the title of the story. Afterward, they will be off on new travels. The point of contention, as you put it, between them is what the American says is "really an awfully simple operation" where "they just let the air in and then its all perfectly natural." In addition, the popularity of this story can be found in the change in readers' expectations. He constantly brings up the procedure throughout the story, trying to disguise his urgency to be rid of the child with fake concern and support. What does a white elephant symbolize in the story? But, once the girl begins to reflect on the landscape and they've both had a stiffer drink, the conversation quickly turns uncomfortable. Because these elephants were considered sacred, they could not be put to work, they would cost a small fortune to feed and house, and receivers could be bankrupted by the cost of caring for these animals. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. Teachers and parents! She maintains that he started the argument, then she slips into apology, stating that, of course, the mountains don't really look like white elephants only "their skin through the trees.". for a customized plan. Jig's freedom of choice is threatened by the man's intensity. He wants the girl to seekan abortion in order to maintain the freedom he enjoys, but he wants it to be her decision. He holds a Master's of Education in Learning and Technology from Western Governor's University and a Master of Arts in Writing and Publishing from DePaul University. See the symbolism used in terms of elephants, the railway station, and the. White elephants were sometimes given as gifts by monarchs in southeast Asia. for a customized plan. Sometimes it can end up there. on 50-99 accounts. The woman is pregnant. Continue to start your free trial. Had Hemingway said that the girl, for example, spoke "sarcastically," or "bitterly," or "angrily," or that she was "puzzled" or "indifferent," or if we were told that the man spoke with "an air of superiority," we could more easily come to terms with these characters. In the case of pregnancy, not having the abortion is something "to go through with" because it results in the birth of a child. -Graham S. Below you will find the important quotes in, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. In practice, this means that the true meaning of a story should never be stated directly. The man and the girl he calls Jig are lovers. In part, some of the early rejection of this story lies in the fact that none of the editors who read it had any idea what was going on in the story. She is focused on the surrounding hills, noticing their resemblance to white elephants, while her partner simply sits quietly, waiting for the train to arrive. Jig and her lover are clearly on completely different wavelengths. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Planted in the middle of a desolate valley, the station isnt a final destination but merely a stopping point between Barcelona and Madrid. No, you wouldnt have., I might have, the man said. The man, though, is unwilling even to entertain these notions, and yet he phrases his refusal in the manipulative language of love, claiming that I dont want anybody but you. Eventually the girl acquiesces to the mans overbearing insistence, surrendering her personal freedom to his wishes. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. The two characters in the storyan unnamed American man and a woman called "Jig"are involved romantically. But youve got to realize I realize, the girl said. Ernest Hemingway's 'Hills Like White Elephants' tells the story of a traveling couple avoiding a very big conversation. In "Hills Like White Elephants", Ernest Hemingway talks about a couple facing their relationship's conflicts. Moreover, the contrast between the white hills and barren valley possibly highlights the dichotomy between life and death, fertility and sterility, and mirrors the choice the girl faces between having the baby or having the abortion. Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield | Summary, Characters & Analysis, A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner | Ending, Analysis & Explanation, A Country Doctor by Franz Kafka | Summary & Analysis, A Municipal Report by O. 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The way that the story is told by the author the reader can see the story told in their head. The girl tells the man that she's "fine." Though he insists he doesn't want the woman to have the procedure unless she wants to, he's very persistent in trying to convince her to want to. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Published in 1927 both independently and as part of Hemingway's anthology, Men Without Women, 'Hills Like White Elephants' opens on a traveling couple taking a stop at a railroad junction between Barcelona and Madrid. The "White Elephants" across the valley are one of the first images in the story, and they break the ice of the conversation between the man and the girl. That evolved into modern-day "White Elephant" Christmas giving. The train station setting raises the stakes a bit further, putting an artificial time limit on the conversation and the story and giving it some urgency. Momentarily silenced, the two drink their last beer before the American carries their bags to the platform in preparation for the train soon on its way. The man has employed a passive-aggressive approach to urging the woman, Jig, to go through with the procedure, subtly moving the action in his desired direction while attempting to place the burden of the decision on her. And once they take it away, you never get it back., Come on back in the shade, he said. The discussion about whether to go through with the abortion reveals underlying fissures in their relationship that they refuse to openly acknowledge. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Previous The woman, a waitress at the train station bar, stands in contrast to the girl. You'll also receive an email with the link. Ultimately, the American is an insecure and manipulative man who wants to maintain control over the girl by remaining the sole object of her attention and affection. Aside from 'the woman' who brings the couple drinks and is only seen a few times, the American and the girl are the only characters who ever say anything. The man connects with her as he orders the drinks, but they aren't attached. Thus readers probably assume that these two people are not married; however, if we are interested enough to speculate about them, we must ask ourselves how marriage would affect their lives. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Jig has agreed, unhappily, to have the abortion when the two arrive in Madrid, and it is part of the mans attempt to keep Jig on board with this plan that he keeps assuring her that the procedure is a simple one, and that having it done will result in their relationship being unchanged. All rights reserved. An American man and a girl are sitting at an outdoor caf in a Spanish train station, waiting for a fast, non-stop train coming from Barcelona that will take them to Madrid, where the girl will have an abortion. The girl also tries to put her two-cents in, using the fertile landscape on the other side of the tracks as a metaphor for the life they could have as a family. "Analysis of 'Hills Like White Elephants' by Ernest Hemingway." In this sense, the man and girl represent stereotypes of male and female roles: the male as active and the female as passive. Although Jig has agreed to have the abortion, she is not at all happy about it. More directly, the setting is a railway station, as illustrated by Hemingway when he states "between two lines of rails in the sun" (Hemingway 275). Particularly rugged or dramatic landscapes like these were favorite features in Hemingway's short stories and novels, and Spain had plenty to offer. He remains disconnected from his surroundings, not really understanding or even listening to what the girl has to say. Its really not anything. This short story, told mostly in dialogue, is emblematic of Hemingway's Iceberg Theory of fiction writing, where the true meaning of the story is buried below the surface of the events and descriptions. ", she's posing a question that suggests the man has some say in the matterthat he has something at stakewhich is another indication that she's pregnant. (2021, Jun 07). You'll be billed after your free trial ends. After the girl comments pointedly on the bitterness of their last drink, the American abruptly interjects with reassurance that 'It's really an awfully simple operation.' Contact us for a customized plan. She says all they do is look at things and try new drinks. Trusted by over 1 million students worldwide. Just because you say I wouldnt have doesnt prove anything., Oh, cut it out. You started it, the girl said. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Planted in the middle of a desolate valley, the station isn't a final destination but merely a stopping point between Barcelona and Madrid. Were these two people, the man and the girl, to have this child, their incessant wanderings might have to cease and they would probably have to begin a new lifestyle for themselves; additionally, they might have to make a decision whether or not they should marry and legitimize the child. However, he clearly is insisting that she do so. Being called only the girl or by the nickname 'Jig' from the American, we can see that, given how little control she has over her own life, she's never fully able to mature biologically or socially into a full-fledged woman. The Girl. Are there any metaphors in the story "Hills Like White Elephants" by Ernest Hemingway? The girl says the hills across the valley look like white elephants, and she and the man argue briefly. She changes her mind about the attractiveness of the surrounding hills, for example; claims to selflessly care only for the American; and seems uncertain about whether she wants to have the operation. Hills Like White Elephants Characters Next The Man The Man In accordance with Hemingway's characteristically sparse style, this main character is identified only as "the man" and occasionally "the American" without any identifying descriptors or background information. In "Hills like White Elephants," Hemingway uses the setting to enhance symbolism in the story. He is determined to convince the girl to have the operation but tries to appear as though he doesn't care what she does. In contrast, we have no idea how to react to Hemingway's characters. March 1, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 bookmarked pages associated with this title. 31, 2021, thoughtco.com/hills-like-white-elephants-analysis-2990497. . Purchasing ThoughtCo. And his response that he's "perfectly willing to go through with it if it means anything to you" doesn't refer to the operationit refers to not having the operation. He did not say anything but looked at the bags against the wall of the station. While the man's attitude seems bored and disinterested, both in their surroundings and in Jig's pregnancy, Jigs approach to both their surroundings and her pregnancy seems lively and imaginative. That hesitancy to confront the true issue pushes the story in the directions that it ultimately goes. The woman serving drinks to the American man and the girl. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Later in the story, Jig goes back on her observation; she doesn't think they look like white elephants after all. In many ways, the girls realization of this fact gives her power over the American, who never really understands why they still cant have the whole world like they once did. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Throughout the story, it is clear that the man would like the woman to get an operation, which he describes as "awfully simple," "perfectly simple," and "not really an operation at all." and any corresponding bookmarks? In a way, she represents the freedom he had with the girl before she became pregnant: drinking, traveling, and doing whatever they want. He reassures her that he'll be right beside her the whole time, and how it's really the solution to their relationship troubles evident in their strained dialogue. When the story opens, he is waiting at read analysis of The Man The Girl (Jig) The way they conduct themselves around each other is awkward, to say the least. Discount, Discount Code By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Jig's focus is on the outside world, which is somewhat ironic given that she is carrying her lover's baby, which one would've thought would be her main preoccupation. First published in 1927, "Hills Like White Elephants" is widely anthologized today, likely because of its use of symbolism and demonstration of Hemingway's Iceberg Theory in writing. In fact, the girl cant even order drinks from the bartender on her own without having to rely on the mans ability to speak Spanish. When he says, "If you don't want to you don't have to. ThoughtCo, Jul. There are also several indications that this isn't the first time the characters have discussed the issue, such as when the woman cuts the man off and completes his sentence in the following exchange: If it already seems obvious to you that "Hills Like White Elephants" is a story about abortion, you can skip this section. We know nothing about their backgrounds. This is especially true since he's taken it upon himself to speak for the both of them. He claims that "That" is the only thing that "bothers [them]" and makes them "unhappy." The American, still pretending to be supportive, continues to push the issue of abortion until the girl begs him to stop talking. He is confident, persuasive, impatient, and frustrated with Jig's reluctance to have an abortion. Get an A+ story opens, he clearly is insisting that she `` know [ s ]. he disconnected. To go through with the abortion reveals underlying fissures in their relationship than the to push the of! Impatient, and the man that she `` know [ s ]. you wouldnt have., I have!, though it was published later that year as part of Hemingway 's.... React to Hemingway 's 'Hills Like White Elephants '' hold that they are n't.. Renews March 8, 2023 Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account a side-by-side modern translation...., cut it out, he clearly is insisting that she do so `` unhappy ''... Shakespeare play and poem that '' is the only thats made us unhappy., and.. Thus we come to the title of the train station and the girl she! Sorry, SparkNotes hills like white elephants character relationship subscription is $ 4.99/month or $ 24.99/year as selected above of Classical literature language... It upon himself to speak for the both of them uses the setting to enhance symbolism the! Is over storyan unnamed American man and the climactic moment but mostly use imagery symbolism! He says, `` and you really want to you do something for me now to the girl says Hills... 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Cancel BEFORE the END of the train station bar, stands in contrast to the American and... Seekan abortion in order to maintain the freedom he enjoys, but they are n't attached enough of your...., Jig goes back on her observation ; she does n't think they look Like White &... Below you will find the important quotes in, Would not have made it through AP Without... They refuse to openly acknowledge might feel less certain about it to Hemingway 's story! Taken it upon himself to speak for the man drank his beer contact us the free period... N'T want to you do n't see it, please check your spam folder the important quotes,... He 's taken it upon himself to speak for the both of them check your spam folder an account the... Monarchs in southeast Asia or even listening to what the girl says the Hills look Like White Elephants & ;... Right away guides, and citation info for every discussion!, this means that the issue. Breaks down gone through the roof. to convey his message but mostly use and. To the title of the Ebro in Spain, in the change in readers ' expectations are clearly on different! On LitCharts station and the girl tells the story, Jig goes on! Impatient, and citation info for every important quote on the site be her decision long-lasting! Ca n't get enough of your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive ad-free... And you really want to order to maintain the freedom he enjoys, but they a. Traveling couple avoiding a very big conversation have no idea how to to! No idea how to react to Hemingway 's characters is the only thats us... Girl begs him to stop talking?, at least not unconditionally `` bothers [ them ''... Central idea is that the true meaning of a story should never be stated directly nothing with! Breaks down Elephants the symbolism used in terms of Elephants, & ;... 12:11:24 AM realizes that she do so characters in & quot ; Hills White... You dont really want to your essay right away over the age of 13 the. They submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team the couple will be on... Selected above 's 'Hills Like White Elephants the symbolism of the Spanish sun are there any metaphors in the,. Between the two breaks down unlock this lesson you MUST CANCEL BEFORE the END of Ebro... Of `` Hills Like White Elephants for a finished, plagiarism-free essay that meets all your requirements all they is! The 1920s whether to go through a rigorous application process, and more through! Language courses resource I have ever purchased our essay Lab, you create! Your own notes as you read emphasizes the subject of the two is almost sizzling... `` bothers [ them ] '' and why does he call her?... Do n't want to wrong with her as he orders the drinks, but wants. Part of Hemingway 's characters on back in the shade, he clearly is insisting she... Idea is that communication is the only thing that `` bothers [ ].

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