The rivers headwaters are located near Mount Baw Baw in Yarra Ranges National Park. At its most easterly point, it is fed by many small unnamed creeks and streams that begin in the Yarra Ranges within the Yarra Ranges National Park, which are sometimes fed by snowfalls. We also talk about the South Fork of the Snake River and why it's awesome to euro nymph in this area. High levels of E. coli, some up to 200 times the safe limit in its tributaries, are caused primarily by poorly maintained septic systems.[23]. The increasing industrialisation of the river and the growth of the shipping industry saw the need for major infrastructure works which dramatically changed the course of the river in its lower reaches. The lower stretch of the river from Docklands to the Melbourne Cricket Ground was part of the final path of the Queen's Baton Relay of the 2006 Commonwealth Games. In the 1840s a weir was built at Dights Falls to power a flour mill and to give some control over the river downstream from there. By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider By using our site you accept that we use and share cookies and similar technologies with certain approved third parties. [citation needed], The first major change came with the cutting of the Coode Canal between 1880 and 1886. We celebrate the stories, culture and traditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Elders of all communities who also work and live on this land. The Yarra Rivers journey begins on the southern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and twists through the forested valleys of the Yarra Ranges and its quaint regional towns before concluding its journey on the muddy flats of Port Phillip Bay. The river's headwaters are located near Mount Baw Baw in Yarra Ranges National Park. The banks of the Yarra River are popular for cycling, running and walking where most paths are sealed and in good condition. Parks Victoria Information Centre. The area has been occupied by various indigenous clans for at least 30,000 years. Throughout its length, the waters of the Yarra River and its banks are used for; boating, rowing, water skiing, kayaking, canoeing, swimming, fishing, cycling, running and walking, amongst other things. From that point on, the river is a designated boating channel, so even if the water is clean, you run the risk of getting cleaned up by a pleasure boat. From the earliest years of settlement, the mid and upper reaches of the Yarra began to be used for recreation. Some of the parks youll see along the way include: The Lower Yarra Revegetation Project planted 18,000 native plants along 14 kilometres of the river to help improve water quality and habitat. In fact, it's illegal to swim in the Yarra anywhere south of Gipps Street in Abbotsford, in Melbourne's inner-east. The river was utilised primarily for agriculture by early European settlers. There isn't a more relaxing way to spend a day than taking a cruise on the Yarra River and taking in all the sights and sounds of Melbourne. The river flows into Port Phillip, the site being extensively altered as part of the Port of Melbourne, Australia's busiest seaport. In a town without sewerage or waste disposal, the formerly pristine Yarra soon became one of the worlds dirtiest rivers a place to dispose of all things foul. Outside of Melbourne, settlement in the Yarra Valley represented a very significant segment in the history and economic development of the state of Victoria. Some small hobby farms are located in the floodplain area of the river, surprisingly close to central Melbourne and almost completely surrounded by suburbs. Did you know: Originally called Birrarung, meaning a place of mists and shadows, the river only became known as the Yarra in the 1830s after a surveyor misheard local Aboriginal people saying Yarro Yarro: it flows. Strathfillan Creek Tributary of Carapooee Creek. The riverflows for about 242 kilometers from the Yarra Ranges of the Great Dividing Range to Port Philip at Hobsons Bay. The Yarra River is Victorias 10th longest river, flowing for about 242 kilometers from its source in the Eastern Highlands to its mouth at Hobsons Bay. Swamp scrubs dominate the wet areas in the east and west, while riparian scrubs are common on most river sections. The last time the Yarra experienced a major flood was in 1934, when the region endured 48 hours of . However it is believed that 'Yarra' means "waterfall", "flow", or refers to running or falling water,[1][2][10] descriptive of any river or creek in the area, not just the Yarra. The disposal of sewerage in Melbourne was very basic in the early days. Through the 1970s and 1980s, many desirable developments alongside the river began, such as the Victorian Arts Centre, as its lower courses progressively became gentrified. By the following year almost 200 Europeans had settled on the rivers banks, growing to 500,000 people by 1860 once gold was discovered at one of the rivers tributaries in Warrandyte. Image compiled by J. Blundell, from State Library Victoria. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. Medium gold in hue, this full-bodied Chardonnay starts on the quiet side, but after time in glass it opens to reveal citrus, melon, mint and salted nut characters, backed by a prominent line of . Upper Yarra Reservoir is surrounded by forested water supply catchments a legacy of our citys planners. It was feared that dredging would disturb heavy metals and other toxic sediments mostly deposited during Melbourne's industrial era. In the middle reaches, canoeing and kayaking is popular, there are a few rapids of easy to medium difficulty depending on the water level. The community and authorities need to come together to take a closer interest in the Yarras ecology. Industrialisation ultimately led to the destruction of the marshlands at the confluence of the Yarra and Maribyrnong Rivers in the area around Coode Island in West Melbourne. Don River, Launching Place. The first flood was recorded in 1839, and the largest in 1891 which saw water levels rise 14 metres above normal, destroying 200 houses. The Yarra River begins its journey through Melbourne at Chirnside Park, marking the start of its middle reaches. Steavenson River Tributary of Acheron River. Small historical bridges can be found further downstream including the Banksia Street, Fitzsimons Lane and Warrandyte Bridges. Growing high density residential development in the lower reaches in the early 1990s coincided with minor government programs such as the installation of litter traps. Many cultural sites are still with us today like the Yarra Flats dreaming, and the Heide Scar tree and Bolin Bolin Billabong in Bulleen. The current name of the river was translated incorrectly: The actual name of the Yarra River is Yarro-yarro, which is a Wurundjeri term in the Boonwurrung language meaning ever-flowing. This is a very accurate description as the river is a perennial waterway, meaning it has a continuous flow all year round due to years of normal rainfall. Environmental sculptures made from natural materials reflect the islands tranquil setting and make for a great day out. It is approximately 242 kilometres (150mi) in length, with a mean annual flow of 718 gigalitres (2.541010cuft), which is roughly 50% its original flow prior to damming. . Their discovery sparked one of the most frantic gold rushes in history. Also referred to as Yarra Yarra, Birrarung and Wongete, the Yarra River is a perennial river that flows in the south-central part of Victoria, Australia and is one of Melbournes major attractions. However, it still faces a number of challenges: Many community groups and schools are involved in looking after river, but we all have a part to play. You can leap from the cliff faces into the flowing water, or clamber across the smooth rocks in the shallow sections. [citation needed], The Gold Rush saw increased development in Melbourne and "tent cities" of new migrants lined the Yarra during the early years of the gold rush. [20][27], In 2015, a facility for washing down cars and chemical containers illegally leaked toxic chemicals and herbicides into Yarra River, killing trees and endangering public safety. The Yarra River was also the main traffic path for the timers industry during the 1890s, as . Known by locals as My Brown Yarra, theres much more to the Yarra River than meets the eye. In the 1850s, the region was on the bustling route to the Warburton goldfields. Following this, the river was widened to protect Melbourne residents from future flooding. On this page: Yarra Ranges Shire Council Flood History Healesville Local Flood Guide Lilydale Local Flood Guide Mooroolbark Local Flood Guide Warburton Local Flood Guide Yarra Glen Local Flood Guide The Yarra River is a river in East-Central Victoria, Australia that flows through the city of Melbourne. Rushes and sedges often line the banks. Check this website for closures and fire information before your visit. With the pan still underwater, slosh the muddy mix back and forth. There are four bridges on the Yarra River with limited height clearances at high tide:[39], "Yarra Yarra" redirects here. Situated to the south of Yarra River, the Melbourne Royal Botanic Gardens have some of the most exquisite flora and fauna to offer up to nature aficionados. Yarra River also serves as a habitat for frogs such as Perons tree frog, eastern froglet, and southern toadlet. In fact, new research commissioned by Ocean Protect, shows Victorian residents are extremely concerned about marine and waterway health in relation to population growth over half rated it as their number one concern from a total list of 12 common concerns including increased traffic, housing density, competition for jobs and possible reduced water supply. Elemental to Melbourne's identity, the Yarra River is one of Victoria's iconic waterways. We use reCAPTCHA to protect our website from spam, for more information about the data we collect see our privacy website statement. The landscape of the river has changed dramatically since 1835. Large vessels should navigate the area with caution. The Yarra River is part of an Aboriginal cultural landscape that includes traditional Country of the Wurundjeri People. It is thought that Birrarung is derived either from a Wurundjeri words meaning "ever flowing". In March 2019, it was reported that the river's environmental health is at risk due to litter, pollution, pets and urban development. Again, towards the end of the 1850's and into the early 1860's, Anderson's Creeks became largely deserted as a result of the opening . Visiting a park can be more of a challenge for people with disabilities, however in Victoria there are a wide range of facilities to help people of all abilities enjoy our wonderful parks around the state. Sure, it's not really suitable for swimming or drinking, and sometimes it smells funny - but that's what us Melburnians love about it. This series of rocks, originally used to cross the river, and referred to as the "Yarra Falls" was removed using explosives and divers in 1883. The Yarra River originates upstream of the Upper Yarra Reservoir in steep forest, with an annual rainfall more than 1,400 mm. The Yarra River once held the world's largest swimming event, the Race to Prince's Bridge. Projects were proposed to connect Flinders Street station with the river and early proposals were for the Melbourne Museum to be situated on the south bank of the river; however the Crown Melbourne and Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre were built in its place. In the period 200408, 3 people died in this manner in Warrandyte alone. The river has been a major food source and meeting place for Indigenous Australians for thousands of years. But the Wurundjeri believed that they had simply taken part in a friendship ceremony, and were granting Batman leave to pass through their country. Melbourne Water respectfully acknowledges the Bunurong, Gunaikurnai, Taungurung, Wadawurrung and Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung peoples as the Traditional Owners and Custodians of the land and water on which we rely and operate. Early industries grew along the banks of the river, rapidly degrading the water quality. Before European settlement, the Yarra River was a major food source and meeting place for local indigenous people, the Wurundjeri people. The great flood of 1891. Theres plenty of the Yarra to explore beyond the city. Once vast, they are a precious and fragile resource and vulnerable to introduced grasses, soil disturbance, grazing, mowing and fertilisers. The Yarra has something for everyone! The Melbourne Docklands urban renewal project began in 2000, comprising mixed use residential and commercial land and recreational boating moors along the river at the disused Victoria Dock and on the south bank of the Yarra. Whilst the water is not particularly clear, its quality is sufficient for edible fish to swim within it. More serious miners might consider investing in a suction dredge and sluice box where legal that allows them to process much more material. It was utilised and managed sustainably by the Wurundjeri for around 40,000 years; however, since the European settlement and use of the river in the mid-19th century, its geography has changed substantially reflecting the unsustainable use of the river and surrounding resources. Federation Square was proposed to connect the spine of Melbourne to the Yarra at Federation Wharf and a neighbouring park, Birrarung Marr was also built along the north bank, creating renewed interest in connecting city workers to the river. Nature being nature, sometimes conditions can change at short notice. The Yarra River, no doubt is the iconic heart of Melbourne as it meanders through the heart of Melbourne City. From Reefton, the river flows through the temperate forests to Warburton. The riverside apartment complex Como Centre at South Yarra and the larger urban renewal of the formerly industrial Southbank precinct were both built during the late 1990s. But this growth came at a cost. The river was selected as the site for the Royal Botanic Gardens in 1846 and the course of the river was modified slightly for the creation of a feature lake. Boating is difficult beyond Hawthorn and impossible past Dights Falls. It hosts a wide range of geographic features including; bends, rapids, lakes, islands, floodplains, billabongs, wetlands, etc. And once you've finished swimming, it is only a short walk to cafes and eateries. Cast a line and try your luck fishing in the river. 2. So where is this picturesque spot? The Yarra River has about 50 named tributaries; 6 rivers, 42 creeks and 2 gullies. [21] Early industry located along the river contributed great amounts of pollution such as dangerous chemicals, grease, oil and heavy metals. The river flows through different habitats, including large pristine forests, dense urban areas, and agricultural land. Where: Below Mount Mambup, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Observe fire restrictions on Total Fire Ban days. The common species include Nankeen Night Heron and White-faced Heron. The lowest section is an estuary where ocean water and salt travel upstream for about 10 kilometers. By continuing to use our site you consent to this. The last time the Yarra experienced a major flood was in 1934, when the region endured 48 hours of rain, which destroyed 400 buildings and left 6,000 people homeless. The Wurundjeri people caught eels in the lagoons and swamps of the river and also fished using funnel shaped fish pots. 9. Stokes River Tributary of Glenelg River. [At the Yarra Riverkeeper Association] our activities include monitoring the health of the Yarra and any developments through our regular boat patrols, water testing, speaking with river stakeholders, running community forums and tours, publicising and educating the public, schools and others while supporting other community groups and authorities that help the river. From its source in the Yarra Ranges, it flows 242 kilometres (150mi) west through the Yarra Valley which opens out into plains as it winds its way through Greater Melbourne before emptying into Hobsons Bay in northernmost Port Phillip Bay. This area forms the venue for the annual "Moomba" festival, which notably features an annual water skiing competition which attracts a huge crowd. The Upper Yarra Dam, one of a number of dams in the Yarra Catchment that supply a large part of Melbourne's water, is the furthest upstream point on the river visible to the general public (though the dam itself is closed off). It has spiritual and cultural significance for Aboriginal communities. St Arnaud Creek Tributary of Carapooee Creek. This reduced the river's flow to around 50%, where it sits today. Watch the following video to see it for yourself: Take a tour of the upper Yarra River at picturesque Warburton. The park features extensive stands of mountain ash, a very tall eucalypt, tree ferns, as well as patches of remnant rainforest. [39], The river is navigable by most boats from its entrance in Hobsons Bay to Dights Falls, a stretch of 22km (14mi), and is subject to tidal variations and submerged objects. This section is a declared water catchment and is closed . Of their contact with local Wurunderi people in 1835, John Wedge wrote:[11]. The river's resources were utilised sustainably by the Wurundjeri until European settlement in the early-mid-19th century. The construction of the Upper Yarra Reservoir in 1957 reduced the river's flow by around 50%. Home to a variety of endangered wildlife: The Yarra River is home to several endangered species of fish, including the Australian Grayling and the Macquarie Perch. Join in on the rich events calendar from the famous Moomba Festival to regattas and rowing races, the Dragon Boat Festival and an endless array of community events. Swimming is safer downstream, but not advisable below Dights Falls due to the high levels of pollution and high boating traffic. Yarra Ranges Shire Council Flood information for the Yarra Ranges Shire Council, encompassing local flood guides and a Municipal Flood Emergency Plan. The area in front of old Customs House is a former turning basin for ships. The upstream also contains a closed-off dam known as the Upper Yarra Reservoir. To the Wurundjeri people the river, known as Birrarung, was the life source and an important meeting place. The find was made by Louis Michel in 1851 at a tributary of the river, Anderson's Creek and marked the start of the Victorian gold rush. Agriculture and industrial development takes place in the middle and lower portions. [14] European explorers would not enter the river for another 30 years until, in 1835, the area that is now central and northern Melbourne was explored by John Batman, a leading member of the Port Phillip Association, who negotiated a transaction for 600,000 acres (2,400km2) of land from eight Wurundjeri elders. The Yarra has greatly improved since the 1970s and 80s, thanks to an expanding sewerage system servicing Melbournes industry and suburbs. In the rivers upper reaches, fishing is most popular. However almost all of the fish are contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic and not fit for human consumption. Stocked near the Yarra River junction in 1999 with Macquarie perch by Native Fish Australia. Know your river: Yarra River wildlife guide, Yarra Strategic Plan (Burndap Birrarung burndap umarkoo), Permanent water-saving rules and Target 150, Work or build near our assets or easements, Liveable Communities, Liveable Waterways Program, Edithvale-Seaford Wetland Education Centre, Training and approval to work on a Melbourne Water site, Bird species at the Eastern Treatment Plant, Bird species at the Western Treatment Plant, Western Treatment Plant augmented reality app, Healthy Waterways Strategy report card - Yarra catchment, as the source of 70 per cent of Melbournes drinking water. Stockyard Creek. Before 8000 BC, the Yarra River probably joined course with other present-day Port Phillip Bay tributaries such as the Patterson, Kororoit, Werribee, Little River, and drained directly through a narrow gap (what is now called the Rip) into a bay of the Great Australian Bight on the west side of a prehistoric land bridge called the Bassian Plain (which later became submerged into the Bass Strait). The current bridge was constructed in 1888. Since its establishment in 2004, YRKA has delivered hundreds of presentations and lectures, been in over 200 media appearances and provide on-water inspection tours to over 200 community leaders, business leaders, and politicians. The river's resources were utilised sustainably by the Wurundjeri until the arrival of European colonists in the early-mid-19th century. Go for a swim in the river to cool down, or set off in a canoe to explore all that the Yarra has to offer. The course has been progressively disrupted and the river widened in places. [26], Several programs are being implemented to minimise beach and river pollution, mostly organised by community groups, EPA Victoria and local councils. Victorians are concerned about the health of the Yarra: Due to stormwater runoff, up to 350,000 cigarette butts enter the Yarra catchment every day, which is a small representation of the rubbish that makes its way into the river and locals are worried. The area surrounding the Yarra River was first inhabited by the Boonwurrung and Wurundjeri peoples of the Kulin nation. Around this area there are submerged mining shafts which can cause undertows that suck swimmers under the surface and into these shafts. The first step is finding the right spot in the river where the gold might collect, such as a crook in the bedrock, idle pools, log jams, inside corners of rivers or spaces between boulders. [38] The resulting island between the new and old courses of the river was named Coode Island, and is now part of the mainland with the former course to the north filled in. Platypus are rarely seen as far downstream as Fairfield. Check the fire danger ratings before you visit on hot days. In 2007 it was fined A$5,000 for discharging paper pulp into the Yarra from its Alphington plant[25] and in 2008 the company was convicted for releasing oil into the Yarra from its Alphington plant and fined A$80,000. They replied 'Yarro Yarro', meaning 'it flows'. Some of the larger parklands adjoining the river include, from downstream to upstream: There are 14 golf courses adjoining the river, these include, from downstream to upstream: The Yarra is considered an important part of Melbourne's culture and a symbol of the city, and as a result, it has been the source of artistic and cultural expression. In 1803, New South Wales Acting Surveyor-General Charles Grimes and his party became the first Europeans to sail up the river. Today, the Yarra mouth including Swanson and Appleton docks are used for container shipping by the Port of Melbourne, which is the busiest on the continent. 5. The Yarra River is Victoria's 10th longest river, flowing for about 242 kilometers from its source in the Eastern Highlands to its mouth at Hobsons Bay. In 1910, the main channel was widened and deepened (81 to 131m or 266 to 430ft). The facility was situated inside Warrandyte State Park, from where the spillover until June 2015 flowed into the river and downstream towards Melbourne. [36] Dolphins have been known to venture upstream as far as South Yarra,[37] and serve as an example of the increased salinity of the river's lower reaches. The Main Yarra Trail, used by pedestrians and cyclists, starts at Warrandyte and runs parallel to the river until the lower reaches, where it is known as Capital City Trail. The river, known to the Wurundjeri people as Birrarung, was an important resource for the Wurundjeri people and several sites along the river and its tributaries were important meeting places where corroborees were held between Indigenous communities. Disposal of sewerage in Melbourne was very basic in the shallow sections, its quality sufficient! Melbourne was very basic in the 1850s, the Yarra has greatly improved since the 1970s 80s... Far downstream as Fairfield of sewerage in Melbourne was very basic in the 1850s the..., with an annual rainfall more than 1,400 mm difficult beyond Hawthorn and impossible past Falls! Annual rainfall more than 1,400 mm such as Perons tree frog, eastern froglet, and land! It was feared that dredging would disturb heavy metals including arsenic and not fit for human.. 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