As a result, in many countries, the use of agrochemicals has become highly regulated and government-issued permits for purchase and use of approved agrichemicals may be required. Introduction. 0000003560 00000 n It also posing a greater danger to human health and the environment. Significant penalties can result from misuse, including improper storage resulting in spillage. Request Farmers Meeting Based on a statistics by statistica, In 2019, the agrochemical market worldwide was worth approximately $234.2billion. For example, systemic toxins and Paris green (copper acetoarsenate). Many agrochemicals are toxic, and agrichemicals in bulk storage may pose significant environmental and/or health risks, particularly in the event of accidental spills. Mode of action- The mode of action distinguishes physical poisons, nerve poisons, respiratory poisons, protoplasmic poisons, general poisons, and chitin inhibitors. Its a fungicide that kills or suppresses the fungus thats causing the problem, preventing animal disease and agricultural loss. The ability to apply the right quantity is dependent on awareness of the health implications and the physiological effect on crop output and the quality of the produce. One hundred and fifty-four (154) maize farmers were randomly sampled from the municipality. Molluscicides: Molluscicides are used to treat schistosomiasis and are a highly specialized field. 262273, 1986. The municipality is located within longitudes 15W and 139W and latitudes 79N and 736N. We randomly selected four communities from the list of maize producing communities within the municipality. In this study, utility is defined as the satisfaction (equivalently measured as the benefit) a farmer derives from adhering to safety precautions and recommended dosage of agrochemicals. The awareness level was significantly explained by education, the number of children in school, ownership of TV/radio, experience in agrochemicals use, and farm size. Information on the Endangered Species Protection Program administered through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency can be obtained atwww.epa.gov/espp. Extension visit exposes farmers to improve production technologies and proper utilization of farm inputs. 2015, Article ID 547272, 7 pages, 2015. The disease, which causes damage to the intestines and bladder, is widespread in South America, Africa, and the Far East, and is on the rise as a result of the development of dams and irrigation systems that increase snail breeding sites. In 1966, Illinois became one of the first states to regulate pesticides. W. H. Greene, Econometric Analysis, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, NJ, USA, 7th edition, 2008. 2, no. The misuse of agrochemicals in coffee production is a reality. The value of F-test is 0.00 implying that the model is statistically significant at 1% and hence the coefficients of the independent variables are not jointly equal to zero. Agro-chemicals database All acquired data on use of agrochemicals was entered into a computerised database established at Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Uganda (Mubiru et al. Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture in Ghana, Statistics, Research and Information Directorate (SRID), Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Accra, 2014. The results indicated that 35.6% had a low level of awareness, 51.4% were moderately aware, and only 13% of the respondents had a high level of awareness (Figure 1). For example, 70% of herbicide used during the 1980s in Japan was applied to rice (Ishibashi et al. In Ghana, most rural folks depend on lakes, streams, and rivers as sources of drinking water. 0000007075 00000 n Simple random sampling technique was used to select 154 maize farmers from the four communities and used for the study. 4, No. Wettable powders, soluble concentrates, suspendable concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates, wettable dry granules, and soluble powders are all examples of insecticides. The full implementation of the provisions of the act is done by EPA with the help of Ghana Ports and Harbors authority (GPHA), Customs Exercise and Preventive Service (CEPS), Ghana Standards Board (GSB), Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA), and Factory Inspectorate Department of Ministry of Employment and Social Welfare. . This definition is valid when one is looking at the theory of consumer behavior. We are at the forefront of the search for solutions to some of the world's most pressing problems, seeking to be a global force for positive change. by geekenchemical | Feb 6, 2022 | Herbicides, INDIAN FARMERS, Pesticides | 0 comments. This quantitative cross sectional study sought to understand the level of awareness, practices, and perceptions of safe 286292, 2012. 115 0 obj<> endobj Therapeutant Fungicide: A chemotherapeutant is a fungicide capable of eliminating a fungus after it has caused infection and treating the plant. Farmers who are aware of health implications of agrochemical use will adhere to the recommended practices and application rate and this has a great implication for the crops yield and health of the farmers. EPA has created a series of new videos to encourage homeowners and communities to adopt healthy lawncare practices as a means of reducing pesticide risk to human health and the environment. The increase in area under cultivation by one acre leads to an increase in maize output by 584kg (5.84 bags) ceteris paribus. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics are key factors leading to antibiotic resistance. This implies that smallholder maize farmers are more aware of agrochemicals use risk than large-scale farmers holding other factors constant. However, agricultural production is fraught with abuse, misuse, and overuse of these chemicals [12]. xref The consequences of continuing to desecrate or beginning to restore water's inner grace are tremendousand will reflect as much on us as . Site Management HlTKs0WQ*`tLCsizPd+)p/kw{09Rh U]qC 7r2 These are necessary for preserving a food supply and killing insects using pesticides and other chemicals. According to Horna et al. The explanatory variables explain 21% (pseudo R2) variations in the awareness level. uPBa;J[/}wB.ya?w y%+o'mTm,VK *Hg"`LA$)vJX$;KoDOetd4 D;)YO$z,Z8^b>&C'0_O9LP jf Farm size recorded minimum value of 1 acre and maximum of 23 acres with mean value 4.909 acres. Definitions and measurements of variables included in the models. Career, Herbicides Antimycotics are another name for fungicides. Farmers and homeowners must be licensed to apply restricted pesticides. Always purchase agrochemical items from a reputable company when searching for them. 2004). The study was conducted in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. It is therefore recommended that field training and practical educational programs on good and safety use of agrochemicals should be adopted by agencies to raise farmers awareness level of the risk associated with agrochemical use. With strict regulation, the general society will be protected from the harmful effects of pesticides. e.g. Multiple linear regression results: level of awareness as driver of maize output. The study used awareness indicators to estimate an index representing farmers awareness levels of health implications of agrochemical use. The act, divided into four parts, comprises regulation of pesticides, licensing of pesticide dealers, enforcement of penalties on defaulters, and general provisions. 35.40%, 32.74%, and 19.47% of respondents disposed of Agrochemical containers using Pit burial, Burn/Incinerate, and Indiscriminate methods, respectively, while 12.39% used ecological (biodegradable) materials. K. A. Asante and J. W. Ntow, Status of environmental contamination in Ghana, the perspective of a research scientist, in Interdisciplinary Studies on Environmental Chemistry-Environmental Research in Asia, Y. Obayashi, T. Isobe, A. Subramanian, S. Suzuki, and S. Tanabe, Eds., pp. Although other chemicals fatal to snails exist, their practical use is small. 0 Never transport pesticides in a closed passenger vehicle or in a . Required fields are marked *. This study assessed factors that affect awareness of health implications of agrochemical use and its effects on maize production in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality of Ashanti Region, Ghana. Penalties are determined through a point system defined in the Illinois Pesticide Act. Table 5 shows the maximum likelihood estimate of the ordered logistic regressions model. The empirical results from the study indicate that most of the farmers (66.2%) do not read the labels on the containers/packages of agrochemicals, while 33.8% read the labels before use (see Table 4). Herbicides are essential in integrated weed management systems. Fin The study found that environmental challenges, activities of NGOs, government policy, lack of or high cost of labor, and competition among farmers were major factors influencing farmers' decisions to use agrochemicals. Various types of samples, such as plants, water or soil, may be collected for analysis. Plants may become spotted, curled or even die when exposed to a pesticide, often because wind has carried it from its intended area. Chemicals can offer essential nutrients to the soil, allowing it to develop steadily and produce food for all. Table 6 shows the results of the multiple linear regression model. 5761, 2013. B. Dinham, Growing vegetables in developing countries for local urban populations and export markets: problems confronting small-scale producers, Pest Management Science, vol. The IDOA cannot help complainants recover damages. 92.7% of the respondents had knowledge about perilous consequence and yet didn't garment recommended protective apparels during application. They increase yields and reduce the presence of foreign materials in some commodities. 8, United Nations University, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 2005. Summary statistics of continuous variables. Although accidents and emergencies involving pesticides are rare, unfortunately they do occur. The insignificant influence of income and FBO membership on farmers awareness of health implications of agrochemical use is supported by the work of [7]. In the area of reuse of empty containers of agrochemicals, 53.2% said they dispose of them while 46.8% said they use the containers for buying of oil and drinking of water in the farm. Copyright 2017 Franklin N. Mabe et al. 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