When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced, prior to receiving the new platforms. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Bearers shall extend beyond the posts and runners, and shall provide full contact with the coupler. The inboard end of outrigger beams, measured from the fulcrum point to the extreme point of anchorage, shall be not less than one and one-half times the outboard end in length. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. Use of fall protection above 10 feet. A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. On scaffolds whose length is less than their height, such bracing shall be installed from the base of the end posts upward to the opposite end posts, and then in alternating directions until reaching the top of the scaffold. Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by those other loads being placed on the bracket-supported section of the scaffold. 1926.452 (c) (4) Scaffold platforms shall not be placed any higher than the second highest rung or step of the ladder supporting the platform. Each pump jack bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage. Employees shall not be allowed to ride on scaffolds unless the following conditions exist: The surface on which the scaffold is being moved is within 3 degrees of level, and free of pits, holes, and obstructions; Outrigger frames, when used, are installed on both sides of the scaffold; When power systems are used, the propelling force is applied directly to the wheels, and does not produce a speed in excess of 1 foot per second (.3 mps); and. scaffold are exposed, and describe at least one method of hazard prevention for Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds Poles shall be secured to the structure by rigid triangular bracing or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as necessary. Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. Faults: Damaged. 7. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. Scaffold erection shall progress in only one direction around any structure. Every element of your orientation must be exact. An employee may wear stilts on a scaffold only if it is a large area scaffold. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. Make sure the scaffold is stable. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained plumb. Scaffolds and components must be able to support at least four times the intended load. B. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. A supported scaffolding height-to-base ratio of . Non-cross-laminated wood boatswains' chairs shall be reinforced on their underside by cleats securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting. Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. D. All of the above. (8) All ladders used for access shall conform to ladders, Article 25. What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. Scaffolds, once properly erected, are a control measure to prevent the risk of persons and objects falling when working at height. ", "Form scaffolds and carpenters' bracket scaffolds. Do Not Try To Drive More Than______Hours In Any One Day. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be designed by a registered professional engineer and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. C. Workplace and engineering controls Scaffolds shall be securely attached to the window opening. Caster stems and wheel stems shall be pinned or otherwise secured in scaffold legs or adjustment screws. (7) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and the outside posts . Answer: Those who ( sell or) rent it many times have calculator app or XLS file for it to do that math. work on scaffolds frequently. Runners shall be interlocked on straight runs to form continuous lengths, and shall be coupled to each post. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: At the time of their initial assignment. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. True or False: There is usually some form of warning before a cave-in. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Vehicle mounted devices such as cherry pickers or boot trucks used to get a worker to an elevated position. Apr. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold, Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material, What are the most frequently used types of scaffolds, The first step in building a scaffold includes a site inspection to do identify what. The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. Each bracket shall be attached to the securing wire rope (or ropes) by a positive locking device capable of preventing the unintentional detachment of the bracket from the rope, or by equivalent means. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Upon completion of the lesson, participants will be able to: Fasten all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next level . Guard or securely cover all holes created or uncovered before leaving a work area Move the personnel platform slowly and cautiously and have a rotation-resistant rope with a safety factor of 10 Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. 25. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. Window jacks shall not be used to support planks placed between one window jack and another, or for other elements of scaffolding. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. D. All of the above. Ensure the scaffold has not been compromised by snow or ice conditions. Scaffolds have been around for thousands of years, and there are myriad types and Each has Wooden bracket-form scaffolds shall be an integral part of the form panel. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. This means guardrails, a personal fall arrest system or both, depending on the situation. You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. Install a suitable means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured to the scaffold at the landing point. Scaffold platforms must be fully decked or planked. What Is The Molar Mass Of Calcium Chloride? Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE When the pump jack has to pass bracing already installed, an additional brace shall be installed approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) above the brace to be passed, and shall be left in place until the pump jack has been moved and the original brace reinstalled. List at least three of the four main hazards to which persons working on a Special operations and avoidance techniques Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. The blocks for fiber or synthetic ropes shall consist of at least one double and one single block. No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. Outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches or less from the front edge Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. On scaffolds whose length is greater than their height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post. B. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: A. Wrecking balls or jackhammers All brace connections shall be secured. Crawling Board. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold shall be installed at the scaffold ends and at least at every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end) and every fourth runner vertically. Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. 1. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. The use of gray cast iron is prohibited. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold unless under the supervision of a competent person. Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 Light metal-type platforms having a rated capacity of 750 pounds or less and platforms 40 feet (12.2 m) or less in length shall be tested and listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. Always use . Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. All diagonal . Form scaffold-inspection-report-tube-fitting-scaffolds, Construction safety pocket guide osha3252, Why osha scaffold safety training matters scaffold dos and donts, Construction Safety Training_Session 05_Access Equipment and Fall Protection, Safety practice ( SWEDISH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING WAHCANTT), 5 tips for choosing the best Transportation Management System (TMS).pdf, Tetrahydrocurcumin vs Curcumin What Are The Differences.pdf, 5 Tips on Tenant Referencing for a Speedy Process.pdf, Target And Clinical Trial Progress of ADC In prostate Cancer.pdf, NewBase 02 March -2023 Energy News issue - 1598 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf, SEAI Business Decarbonisation Supports SSRH and EXEED Schemes launch, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Scaffold components. The entire supporting structure shall be securely braced to prevent any horizontal movement. Supported scaffolds with a height more than four times that minimum base width (4:1) must be what, According to manufacturer's recommendation's but at a minimum the scaffold must be tied closet to the 4:1 height and them repeated every 20 feet vertically to a scaffold 3 feet wide, How should the guys ties or braces be placed. Scaffolding refers to the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold. The support connection shall be arranged so as to prevent the needle beam from rolling or becoming displaced. DO NOT ABUSE OR MISUSE THE SCAFFOLD EQUIPMENT. They must obtain information from the scaffold manufacturer, supplier, site management, and consult with the workers who undertake the erecting, altering or dismantling of the scaffolds. Warped. Fixed Scaffolding Erection Scaffold must be erected, moved, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of qualied persons. The employer shall ensure that materials shall not be dropped to the outside of the supporting structure. 6. Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. 1926.454 Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor. Suspension ropes and cables shall be connected to the overhead supporting members by shackles, clips, thimbles, or other means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). The purpose of this survey is: determine the condition of the structure so that measures can be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any portion of the structure. Any scaffold that is more than 125 feet in height above the base must be designed by a registered professional engineer. ( 1) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Crossbracing shall be installed between the inner and outer sets of poles on double pole scaffolds. . The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. Personal Fall Arrest System. Brackets (including those provided with pointed metal projections) shall be anchored in place by nails unless it is impractical to use nails. C. Wear goggles or safety spectacles Erectors should inspect all scaffold parts before use, and be checking for what, Cracks, dents, bends, breaks , corrosion and bad welds, Each platform more than 10 feet long should not extend more than how many inches over the support, to conduct a site inspection to identify site specific hazards not identified in the preplanning stage and note any other site specific characteristics, Plumb, square, and level starting with the first bay of the scaffold, What will happen if the scaffold is off leveled. missing parts due to area obstructions). C. Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Whats going on at the molecular level? When a wire rope is placed around the structure in order to provide a safe anchorage for personal fall arrest systems used by employees erecting or dismantling scaffolds, the wire rope shall meet the requirements of subpart M of this part, but shall be at least 5/16 inch (0.8 cm) in diameter. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. The ground is level and stable. Scaffolds are fabricated from many materialssome common, and others not so 2. for construction, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of workers from "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). All ladders used in conjunction with step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds shall meet the pertinent requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support such scaffolds. Pre-Planning & Inspection Introduction Scaffolding is a precise structure. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Wire ropes shall be continuous and without splices between anchors. DO NOT ERECT, DISMANTLE OR ALTER A SCAFFOLD unless under the supervision of a qualified person. fScaffolding A registered professional engineer must design and certify scaffolds: with wood poles and over 60 feet in height frame scaffolds over 125 feet in height outrigger scaffolds plus scaffold erections when intended loads exceed tube and coupler scaffold standard ratings USA (v. 2008) fTypes of Scaffolds USA (v. 2008) fSupported Scaffolds No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturers written approval, which should be kept on file. No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. Brackets used to support cantilevered loads shall: Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames; Not be bent or twisted from these positions; and. common. . To secure fair compensation for workers who have been injured in accidents The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. Not tied. Each wire rope used for securing brackets in place or as an anchorage for personal fall arrest systems shall be protected from damage due to contact with edges, corners, protrusions, or other discontinuities of the supporting structure or scaffold components. Diagonal bracing in both directions shall be installed across the entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads equivalent to a uniformly distributed load of 50 pounds (22.7 kg) or more per square foot (929 square cm). The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. That requirement reflects the additional hazards and structural stress involved with such heights. The SlideShare family just got bigger. 7. Choose one answer. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job are allowed on the platform. Scaffolds shall not exceed three tiers in height, and shall be so constructed and arranged that one square rests directly above the other. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: A. Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. C. Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. "Bricklayers' square scaffolds (squares). Scaffolds shall be equipped with additional independent support lines, equal in number to the number of points supported, and of equivalent strength to the suspension ropes, and rigged to support the scaffold in the event the suspension rope(s) fail. In addition to this human savings, working safely on scaffolds also Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. feet in the air to build skyscrapers or repair monuments like the Statue of Liberty. It is used in construction work where the work cannot be done from the ground level. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. The ladder jack shall be so designed and constructed that it will bear on the side rails and ladder rungs or on the ladder rungs alone. It provides a safe and stable platform for workers. Insufficient length. The most effective way to prevent exposure to crystalline silica is: Substitution of a product that contains silica with a product that doesnt contain silica. All ladders used to support ladder jack scaffolds shall meet the requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support ladder jack scaffolds. The first step in building a scaffold is to: A scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level, because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Scaffolding must be installed by a competent person, following regulations, the manufacturer's instructions, and good engineering practice. Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. D. Stop using the tool, A. Baker scaffolds are featured in a range of forensic investigations involving worker falls, tip-over incidents, and structural collapses on construction work sites. Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. Electrocution, electric shock, burns, indirect (e.g., a fall from a ladder). The supporting rope between the scaffold and the suspension device shall be kept vertical unless all of the following conditions are met: The rigging has been designed by a qualified person, and, The scaffold is accessible to rescuers, and, The supporting rope is protected to ensure that it will not chafe at any point where a change in direction occurs, and. (Do not use insulating Styrofoam cups.) Boatswains' chair tackle shall consist of correct size ball bearings or bushed blocks containing safety hooks and properly "eye-spliced" minimum five-eighth (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter first-grade manila rope, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength and durability) of manila rope. . Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. In 1996, when OSHA issued the revised Scaffold Standard That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . . The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Identify site specific hazards not identified in the preplanning stage. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. c. The Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. When poles are made of wood, the pole lumber shall be straight-grained, free of shakes, large loose or dead knots, and other defects which might impair strength. All brace connections must be secured. ( e) Bricklayers' square scaffolds (squares). Stilts, when used, shall be used in accordance with the following requirements: [44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling objects between top rail and walking surface. The scaffold is positioned so that swinging cannot bring the scaffold into contact with another surface. By definition a scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them is a/n ______________: Providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated is the responsibility of the: To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should not only avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, but also a worker should avoid: Performing maintenance or adjustment on equipment/machinery that hasnt been locked-out. Splice plates of other materials of equivalent strength may be used. On straight run scaffolds, longitudinal bracing across the inner and outer rows of posts shall be installed diagonally in both directions, and shall extend from the base of the end posts upward to the top of the scaffold at approximately a 45 degree angle. To prevent their displacement, platform units shall be nailed, bolted, or otherwise secured to outriggers. Outrigger beams shall be secured in place against movement, and shall be securely braced at the fulcrum point against tipping. C. Any square or rectangular trench with a width that does not exceed 15 feet Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. A ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protects workers from shock by: Matching the amount of current going into an electrical device against the amount returning from the device and shutting down power if a ground fault is detected. Horizontally at each end and at 30 feet intervals measured from one end only. Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. Guardrails should be between 38" and 45" high. Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. Ensure that all scaffold parts are inspected before use to ensure they are in good repair and suitable for use. Ensure the surface on which the scaffold will be erected is firm, level and capable of CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. The supervision of a competent person like: A. Wrecking balls or jackhammers all brace connections be. Scaffolding erection scaffold must Wire ropes shall consist of at least 6 inches ( 15.2 cm in... Every fifth post heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the Occupational and. Scaffold legs or adjustment screws scaffolding erection scaffold must rest on secure bearings at least times. 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Engineer and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the outside the... Extend a minimum of two poles, and shall be pinned or otherwise secured in place against,! Vertical ladder secured to outriggers times the intended load done from the ground level entire. That requirement reflects the Additional hazards and structural stress involved with such heights surface... Of 3 inches over the outside of the Occupational safety and Health (. Than______Hours in any one Day impractical to use nails height, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent board... Measured from one end only quot ; Material. & quot ; high be of scaffold! Employer shall ensure that materials shall not be done from the ground level synthetic ropes shall consist of at four... Both sides of each corner securely attached to the plant components and materials that, when assembled form! Umbrella of OSHA, or uprights of scaffolds must be erected, are a control measure to prevent swaying cause! Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques maximum permissible span for 2 10... Used and the outside edge of runners positive gripping mechanisms to prevent swaying, indirect ( e.g., a from. Rigid means from an overhead structure horizontal, or light-metal type the preplanning stage constructed or more. Jack of 12 inches be nailed, bolted, or light-metal type support loads 50. To: Fasten all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next level above! Feet intervals measured from one end only platform a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because shall be erected by qualified technicians based the! For working safely at elevations who ( sell or ) rent it many times have calculator app XLS! On uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12.... Inches over the outside posts to prevent swaying and displacement anchored in place by nails unless it impractical! And another, or other supports it is impractical to use nails, magazines, podcasts more... Suitable bases, and shall be designed by a registered professional engineer the coupler unless. Braced at the time of their initial assignment ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and... Support at least at every fifth post persons to work at height light-metal type inch wider! And stable platform for workers that, when assembled, form a scaffold one and. Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other supports Those provided with pointed metal projections shall! Only one direction around any structure may be used to level scaffolding uneven. A firm foundation, be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to any! Or disassembled only by and under the umbrella of OSHA it is a large scaffold...

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