The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. Summary. From general observation, most business organizations operating in Nigeria maintain security personnel as well as security infrastructure in order to ensure the security of their properties and the lives of their staff and customers. It can be more costly than expense of regularly implementing preventive maintenance. See Reasons. One such program is the Kentucky Fair Plan. . The latest disgusting incident was the abduction and killing of an American-based Nigerian, Prince Eloniyo Abuda, who was found dead five days after he was abducted by suspected Fulani herdsmen. On December 18, 1980, in Kano city a notable religious riot between the maitatsines, an anti-westernization sect and. Many educational institutions are now founded and administered on political grounds in many states; entrance to universities, colleges, and polytechnics, particularly universities, is sometimes influenced by politicians rather than academic merit. Development in this context consists of creating an economy with relevant social, economic, and physical infrastructure for business operations and industrial growth, to provide gainful employment, high-level education facilities, and medical care for the people. CDC and Nigeria partnered to launch an emergency response shortly after Nigeria reported its first case of COVID-19 in February 2020. Nigeria is regarded as Africas country with the highest unemployment rate. This is because corruption affects practically all Nigerians on a daily basis, not only crooked politicians. The argument here is that Nigeria has the resources to provide for the needs of its people, but corruption in public offices at all levels has made it impossible for officeholders to focus on the provision of basic needs for the people Nigerian situation as a Paradox of Plenty. This exerts pressure on the business for manpower at any cost. Border settlement inside the country is still a work in progress. EMERGENCY POWERS IN NIGERIA: LEGALAND CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES Mojeed Olujinmi A. Alabi ABSTRACT This article examines both the legal and constitutional validity of the various actions pertaining to the emergency rule in Plateau State, Nigeria. Lack of skilled personnels: Brain drain has become a common phenomenon today, as our highly skilled professionals are now relocating to countries where there are quality infrastructures to work, great standard of living, and a good pay to match. Higher costs in the long run as problems are likely to recur without addressing root cause, Difficulty in predicting when and how often incidents will occur, Increased risk of system failures and customer dissatisfaction, Lack of proactive identification and resolution of potential problems, Difficulty in identifying the root cause of the problem which leads to recurrence of the problem, Lack of time for thorough testing and validation of the solution, Additional stress on the maintenance team and possibly overtime costs. Every kid has the right to an education in a safe and healthy setting. Reuters adds that local residents blame government troops for most of the civilian deaths. Also, the porosity of the Nigerian borders has made it possible for an unwarranted influx of migrants from neighboring countries such as the Republic of Niger, Chad, and the Republic of Benin. A group of terrorist invades the town meanwhile Smith (Saint Obi) identifies them as former members of squared twelve in the military: Their mission is to disrupt the peace in the nation through. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and a weak component. 11. Inequality: This is due to the governments and its agencies apparent favoring of people or regions belonging to one tribe over another. The immediate factors which caused Nigerias insecurity situation are inexhaustible. A resolution must also be passed by two-thirds of the members of both houses. In order to ameliorate the incidence of crime, the federal government has embarked on the criminalization of terrorism bypassing the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2011, fundamental surveillance as well as investigation of criminal related offenses, heightening of physical security measures around the country aimed at deterring or disrupting potential attacks, strengthening of security agencies through the provision of security facilities and the development and broadcast of security tips in mass media. Why eNaira? Unemployment is also one of the key causes of social vices in the country; even graduates have difficulty finding work. Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. For this reason, a federal system of government is the best system of government for a multi-ethnic country. 9. In June, the rate of severe acute malnutrition was 19 per cent among children - the emergency threshold is 3 per cent. , 8 [Content_Types].xml ( n0'"Nn"RCpmXy$ The Nigeria insecurity situation can, and in many cases, actually halted business operations during the periods of violence and also caused the outright closure of many enterprises especially in the areas or zones where incidences of insecurity are rife and are on a daily occurrence, in a bid to protect lives of operators and business property. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with very high rural/urban drift. 3.2. emergency management in nigeria: history and current situation 52 3.3. emergency response organisations in nigeria 53 3.4. correlation between emergency management stakeholders in nigeria 59 3.5. government and law-making structure for disaster management in nigeria 61 3.5.1. the national disaster management framework (ndmf) in nigeria 63 3.6. Nigerians and foreign watchdog groups describe accounts of candidates using thugs to steal ballot boxes and threaten voters during elections. When these situations exist, the crime rate is bound to rise and the security of lives and properties cannot be guaranteed. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The Nigerian government requires a rebirth. A State of Emergency Proclamation Enacted to Avert the Threat Against National Existence and Sovereignty: Whereas, it is the government's legal duty and moral responsibility to safeguard the existence and sovereignty of the nation from internal and external enemies; Even if you dont live in Nigeria, youve probably heard of Boko Harams kidnappings of hundreds of children, predominantly girls, from schools and communities in northern Nigeria in 2014. Graduates are usually required to live with their parents for lengthy periods, which can lead to discontent and pessimism. K= 7 ! In addition, the GDP has decreased during the last few months. The problem of Internal Land Conflicts: Land ownership disputes have frequently caused conflicts among Nigerians. 21. Human Resource When there is a high level of insecurity in a particular area or region, there will be migration of people which could lead to a dearth of skilled labor. There is hardly a day that passes without sorry tales of pre-meditated killings, armed robbery and other crimes and attacks nationwide. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. Many others have also linked security to the governance system. In that case, foreign firms and entrepreneurs would decline to invest and this is particularly important in view of the efforts being made to create the desired atmosphere to attract foreign direct investment. Disadvantages : Unpredictability is one of main disadvantages of Emergency maintenance as one does not when failure is going to occur. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. restrictions on the conduct of private businesses including financial transactions. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels Domestic output suffers as a result of these conditions, but frequent power outages also make it impossible for many international enterprises to do business in Nigeria. The proclamation must be ratified by the National Assembly made up of the Senate and House of Representatives. The EiEWG Nigeria is chaired by the Federal Ministry of Education or by the State Ministry of Education (And SUBEBs) at the state levels and co-chaired by UNICEF and Save the Children International. Nigerian education has a significant difficulty. Non-governing citizens are also judged guilty, even though they are supposed to be free of corruption. Insecurity affects the general human security of the people as the situation promotes fear, while at the same time limiting the peoples ability to work effectively. EiEWG is a coordination forum functioning within the principles and . In Nigeria, cases that bother on corruption and insecurity have most often been compromised. _En ] ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.rels ( N0&)ef`6d&FpDhImF'..| ahJWRMBHeV"&/ "4&W'tY:UIiL{KNKhKpc-Ox4 All 36 of Nigeria's governors resolved to declare a state of emergency . By using our site, you The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. In Nigeria, Boko Haram is known as a destroyer, and the northern section of the nation has been so badly damaged that even students are unable to complete their studies In Nigeria, Boko Haram is a well-known terrorist organization. This effort will enhance the operational capabilities of the Nigerian security agencies by identifying avenues that would enable them to respond appropriately to internal security challenges and other threats. in the light of Emergency Preparedness, Response and Disaster Management in Nigeria. f. The educational sector should receive enough funding. The daily massacres, kidnappings, bombings, and rape carried out by Boko Haram throughout the country are quite concerning. In fact, it generally reduces lifespan of equipment. Our story is not as bleak as presented here. As the premeditated use or threat of use of violence by an individual or group to cause fear, destruction or death, especially against unarmed targets, property or infrastructure in a state, intended to compel those in authority to respond to the demands and expectations of the individual or group behind such violent acts which has cost 13.4 percent of the world gross domestic product. Thanks so much, I love the way you broke things down and not just that. This can be accomplished by learning one or two different trades. Political leaders have a history of engaging in corrupt practices. Buhari declared winner of Nigeria's Presidential Elections. The use of violence to combat violence is unlikely to succeed in eliminating terrorism since it will result in the deaths of many innocent people. Located in western Africa and bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Benin, and Niger, Nigeria occupies a land mass of approximately 924,000 km 2 (357,000 mi 2 ), about twice the size of California. Required fields are marked *. The general view is that peace and security are determined by good governance. More often, however, policymakers are disinclined to isolate and clarify particular causes. Inflation is a significant issue in the country. the Government of Nigeria declared a state of emergency with the imposition of curfews. To ensure all this, there must be incentives, good conditions of service, and social security. There is a strong skepticism that if the level of insecurity in our country is not scaled down, our vision to be among the best 20 countries of the world may be aborted. During their schooling, many Nigerian graduates did not learn practical skills. There. Due to the escalating costs of education (school fees, enrolment fees, the cost of books and other materials), students and even their parents will not want to be held behind by any type of deficit or failure in any of the needed topics, and would thus go to any length to avoid being held back. 2. The process of developing visionary leadership can be challenging, but however, it can be overcome by using institutions of the Nigerian constitution as a nursery ground to produce leaders with national outlook and with a missionary zeal to transform the nation. There ought to have been a time to determine a cause; time to close that case; and time to deliver judgment and pass sentences. As such, workers resign to run away from such areas and fresh people do not want to go there for employment. It must also be done on the basis of an objective assessment of the situation. In other words, it is imperative that we have leaders who would not be limited to championing the causes of their home state, tribe, or religious groups, but rather focused on deeds and pronouncements which convincingly and positively impact the entire citizenry of the federal republic. So what does an official declaration (either at the local or state level) actually do? Nigerias environmental and health standards are deplorable. The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. Having cut short a trip to South Africa and annulled a planned state visit to Namibia, President Goodluck Jonathan has declared a " state of emergency " in the three northern states of Borno . Social media anxiety disorder is related to social anxiety, a mental illness which happens when social media affects the mental and physical health of a person, causing one to feel inadequate, jealous, incompetent and unsatisfied. It poses a serious threat to many peoples lives, which is one of the reasons why many workers are requesting pay raises. The Conversation Africas Ogechi Ekeanyanwu asked political science lecturer Uchenna Simeon to explain the circumstances under which a state of emergency can be declared. You also gave solutions. Most urban areas in Nigeria have grown beyond their environmental carrying capacities and existing infrastructure and this has resulted in increased poor quality of the living conditions in urban areas in Nigeria. there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria The last is when. Members of the Niger-Delta militants have reintroduced the use of weaponry in expressing their grievances. . However, good governance is a function of effective, visionary, transparent, trustworthy, and credible political leadership whose driving force is an improvement in the collective wellbeing of the citizens through well-conceived, effectively implemented economic policies and human development programs. It is the cause of inequality and inequitable distribution of the nations wealth among its citizens, a situation that is the root cause of disaffection among Nigerians. Veteran Nollywood actor, Richard Mofe-Damijo (RMD) has called on the President Muhammadu Buhari-led government to declare a state of emergency . Steps of Perform Emergency Maintenance Effectively, Different ways to reduce Emergency Maintenance Load, Advantages and Disadvantages of Corrective Maintenance (CM), Software Maintenance and Various Software Maintenance Tables, Advantages and disadvantages of Test Driven Development (TDD), Advantages and Disadvantages of Critical Path Method (CPM), Advantages and Disadvantages of Automated Testing, Advantages and Disadvantages of using Spiral Model, Advantages and Disadvantages of Incremental process model. Unemployment: In Nigeria, unemployment is spreading like a virus. Evidently, there has been a decline in foreign direct investment in Nigeria. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. The following additional powers can be exercised under emergency rule: massive deployment of the armed forces to take charge of security in place of the policy, invasion of peoples privacy (including homes and offices). The argument for this is that such leaders will help to mold the contending ethnic and religious groups into harmony and help to remove the perceived mutual distrust among them. Ethnicity: Nigeria, Africas colossus, is the worlds most populated black country. The Siracusa Principles limit which rights can be infringed. Todays parents utilize their political clout or influence to affect their childrens education. The article argues that the presidential constitutions of Nigeria, namely 1979 and 1999, lay down . Quantitative data was obtained using . of Human Rights (ECtHR) that a public emergency must "concern [a state's] entire population" to justify a state of emergency.9 Under the fiduciary model, states would be permitted to derogate from their human rights obligations where necessary to address regional instability that threatened the state's capacity to maintain legal order. Therefore, efforts to tackle insecurity can only be effective if there is a robust combination of legislative and judicial interventions with government reforms that address some of the acute human security challenges confronting a vast majority of the population. In the year preceding up the 2007 elections, a Foreign Affairs study found about 700 election-related violent actions, including two killings. 10. EM usually guides technicians to take preventive measures to prevent system from greater damages. Insecurity, therefore, becomes a drain on local and national resources at the expense of development and peoples well-being thereby, having adverse consequences on economic growth and development. The situation in Anambra State can be described as merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. In the latest violence, 53 people were killed and 13. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed to assess availability of each of the aforementioned subgroups of resuscitation devices and drugs, in each primary and secondary healthcare facility in all eighteen (18) Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Cross River State, in Southern Nigeria. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! We recognize that some internal factors have been enhanced and strengthened by the presence of external forces, but, there is no doubt that, if the internal situations did not present themselves, the external forces would be unable to infiltrate. The activities of the avengers were responsible for the epileptic power supply in the country as well as the inability of state governors to pay workers salaries due to the low revenue generated in the oil sector as a result of the attack on pipelines. In spirit and practice, when a State of Emergency is declared, civil liberties are often at risk. It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. We contend that when there is widespread insecurity, it could affect business investment, the entire business organization, or some aspects of its operations which include production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). It was during the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo . Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. It is only a temporary situation, in which action can be taken during dangerous or difficult situations. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! International monitors witnessed widespread vote box theft in 2007, and while the situation improved in 2011, ballot-rigging remained widespread. Workflow of Emergency Maintenance (EM) : How to deal with Emergency Maintenance Situations? :c7HN|g>c91I@sXdXr1}fr`6'sgJm1TixgLME5+ Being your own boss pays better than anything else. In order to facilitate this collaboration, Memoranda of Understanding have been signed by several United Nations agencies; these agreements aim to clarify roles and responsibilities in emergency relief and rehabilitation programmes, and outline commitments to joint activities within agency competencies. It is both a social and economic monster. We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. Your email address will not be published. It was the first time the inflation rate has risen since it began to fall in January 2017, when it hit a 12-year high of 18.7%. They impose restrictions on peoples rights and freedoms. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide2.xml.rels Recommended: Best businesses to start with N100k in Nigeria and be successful. Besides, the Migration of people from the areas to other parts of the country or outside as a result of insecurity will affect the customer base of businesses operating in the environment where the insecurity exists. The conditions are set out in Nigerias 1999 constitution. In all parts of Nigeria, there exist ethnoreligious conflicts and these according to him, have emerged as a result of new and particularistic forms of political consciousness and identity often structured around ethnoreligious identities. It is, however, subject to abuse. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Gustafsson-Wright E, Van Der Gaag J (2008). The GDP has decreased during the last few months the burgeoning population has in... Deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities States have now become the administrative of... & # x27 ; s Presidential elections been a decline in foreign direct investment in Nigeria and be.! 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