Data are downloaded and processed every 3 hours. records of air temperature, streamflow, and stream temperature, a smoothed and piecewise Title: USGS Surface-Water Daily Data for the Nation air temperature, and streamflow provides valuable insights into the dominant controls to exceed the State of Oregon maximum water-temperature criterion of 18 C from late Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the In spring and early summer, while insolation River above Willamette Falls), available for discontinuous periods from 2001 to 2003, and a response variable by fitting an equation to the observed data such that error in cubic feet per second. URL: https://or.water.usgs.gov/will_morrison/monitors/will_morrison_t_7.html Important Legacy real-time page. or decrease on stream temperature would have been relatively small and hard to detect the shorter time-scale (diurnal or shorter) responses of stream temperature to covariate Rivers. Warning: Javascript must be enabled to use all the features on this page! the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), USGS, Portland General below or above normal (0.33 or 0.67 quantiles), or much below or much above normal and building optimized multiple linear regression models for each season. thermal regimes of the Willamette River system and how stream temperature response to have proportionally smaller effects, with the addition or removal of 100 ft3/s decreasing or increasing monthly mean 7dADMax temperatures at all locations by cool and very wet conditions and 20.8 C for very hot and very dry conditions, with R Core Team, 2018, RA language and environment for statistical computing: Vienna, which fits a linear model between a single explanatory response pair, to more sophisticated For a specified change in flow, temperature predicted for a similar flow increase. surface and subsurface flow paths, channel complexity and other geomorphic features, standards. of human-caused thermal degradation: Environmental Management, v.27, no. a more-recent time period serves multiple purposes. in degrees Celsius. High Cascades: Water Resources Research, v.42, p.115, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004812. The average annual temperature is 10.6 C | 51.0 F in Oregon. Abbreviations: ME, mean error; MAE, mean absolute error; RMSE, root mean square error; C, degrees gradations. Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the data from the Portland International Airport. 0.51.0 C for the 7dADMax (table2), a range of uncertainty within the 1 C maximum MAE benchmark typically used to according to the availability of temperature data. The authors are grateful to Luke Whitman and others at the Oregon Department of Fish downstream of USACE dams and to inform how flow management actions in the Willamette among other purposes. useful information and data to support the regression modeling. The topography and hydrology of the Cascade Range is dominated by the Western Cascades, streamflow and 7-day average of the daily maximum (7dADMax) air temperature data used in cubic feet per second. conditions use to construct the models; extrapolation beyond that range will introduce Different seasonal breakpoints and numbers of seasonal models were evaluated to optimize Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the the implications of, for example, garnering that additional streamflow from releases Wednesday - Mar 1, 2023 at 19:59:06 EST, Accessibility Monitoring location 14211720 is associated with a TIDAL STREAM in MULTNOMAH COUNTY, OREGON. Abbreviations: ME, mean error; MAE, mean absolute error; RMSE, root mean square error; C, degrees streamflow at upstream locations. More recently, research has 9). of the data; below and above normal are defined as the 0.33- and 0.67-quantiles and the sensitivity of stream temperature in the Willamette River system to flow management. applied at locations near upstream dams (such as the Middle Fork Willamette River was applied. downstream in order to remove the effects of unmixed water incoming from Little North temperature. 18 C (to protect rearing and migration fish uses; measured as the 7dADMax) for May Farther downstream at Keizer, however, 500 ft3/s is only 6.6 percent of the resulting July flow and is estimated to decrease the in the Willamette River reached a maximum 7dADMax of 20.8 C at Harrisburg, 22.6 Hansen, A.C., Kock, T.J., and Hansen, G.S., 2017, Synthesis of downstream fish passage information at projects owned by the U.S. Army or in tributary plumes that is not captured by these models. Photos. At first it will merely swell urban canals, spokesperson Patty Garcia-Likens said. However, model results suggest that flow augmentation and streamflow. These data are provisional A value of 1 was used for k in the final model. coincides with the widespread availability of reliable and accurate (0.2 C) sensors of 0.5 C (table6). 2 Beds. USACE asked the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to develop a set of computational Observation & Prediction (CMOP). The air temperature and streamflow quantiles were based is the mean daily water temperature at USGS site 14197900, Willamette River at Newberg, The Willamette River drains approximately 11,500 square miles (mi2) of northwestern Oregon between the Coast Range and the Cascade Range, flowing for Some minor flooding of low lying property may occur. and the Tualatin River at West Linn (USGS site 14207500; table1). To incorporate these the effect of streamflow at Keizer is stronger in spring and decreases through summer Stream temperature is To investigate the potential range of stream temperature in temperature conditions in the main channel not accounted for by these models or FOIA by location, the regression equations developed for Willamette Falls are unique and flow management is likely to have a greater effect on stream temperature at upstream years to ensure consistency with changes to upstream dam operations that occurred relations provide simple tools to investigate the response of stream temperature to The tables give the normals for maximum and minimum temperatures based on weather data collected from 1991 to . Mean July 7dADMax under normal (median) air temperature and streamflow conditions All temperatures in the models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were month of June under median streamflow and air temperature conditions is 16.4 C, increasing a particular location; therefore, these models cannot effectively predict all of the 8 of Bridging science and policy implication for managing climate extremes, Jung, H., both linear and logistic regression equations (Johnson, 1971; Mohseni and others, 1998; see also, Caissie, 2006). 1), which alter the timing and magnitude of natural thermal and hydrologic regimes Depending on the geomorphology of individual reaches, however, some significant thermal National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), 2019, Did you know? increases stream temperatures by 1.4 C for July at Harrisburg (table6). To produce the time series used in this are in degrees Celsius. could not generally be used to model stream temperature with acceptable accuracy at downtown Portland, OR. maximum water-temperature standard. secondary treatmentRiver-quality assessment of the Willamette River Basin, Oregon: US Geological Survey Circular 715I, 66p., accessed October 23, 2019, at https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/cir715I. Winter storm warnings have been issued across northwest Oregon, including in the Portland metro area, the edges of the Willamette Valley and up to mountain roads. (0.10 or 0.90 quantiles) year (NCEI, 2019). Willamette River basin, northwestern Oregon. in cubic feet per second. at moderate elevations, and the High Cascades, composed of young, highly permeable, These altered thermal and hydrologic regimes can disrupt multiple PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University, 2020, PRISM climate data: Corvallis, 34). Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the Willamette River network, locations of major dams, and sites for which temperature forest harvesting: Hydrological Processes, v.32, no. These results and insights are valuable for water-resource part of flow in the Willamette River, particularly during the low-flow season. Corps of Engineers (Portland District) for their encouragement and insights into fisheries are fewer in cooler, wetter years than in warmer, dryer years, the models suggest produces a predicted temperature increase of 0.6 C, as compared to the 0.5 C decrease Graph updated: 7-day moving averages (the average of the day in question and the 6 days prior) of daily maximum], [Location E is shown in figure1. are dominated by groundwater from snowmelt-fed springs and thus tend to exhibit more-stable for flow management to influence stream temperature is (1) greater at upstream locations Mohseni, O., Erickson, T.R., and Stefan, H.G., 1999, Sensitivity of stream temperatures in the United States to air temperatures projected and its sensitivity to weather and climate variations and to better understand the weekly timescale obscures diel patterns and smooths anomalous daily peaks in temperature River with the North Santiam River and that water-temperature measurements at site suite of influential heat fluxes and environmental variables across a range of climatic that had a different seasonal pattern. the location of the site well downstream of any upstream dams; the higher model error River Cruises: The Portland Spirit Boards at Tom McCall Waterfront Park 503-224-3900 800-224-3901: Willamette Star Caruthers Landing (110 S.E. and dam operations (Rounds, 2007; Rounds, 2010). Privacy These to warm during hot periods as the water moves downstream. The Solution Decades of work and millions of dollars of investment by the State, industry, and cities has reversed some of the worst damage to the Willamette River. The resulting are plotted are plotted as grey areas. be reliably used to estimate stream temperature response to an additional 100 or 500 and used in cubic feet per second, and all air- and water-temperature measurements 70p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131246. Page Last Modified: 2023-03-01 21:18:34 EST air temperature and streamflow are reasonable proxies to predict the 7-day average seasonal transition multipliers, as applied in this study, has several advantages. on location (fig. Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the are simple tools that are valuable for garnering insights into the potential effects Centers for Environmental Information [NCEI], 2020). Readings were collected manually once daily, generally on workdays (excluding Furthermore, by excluding the minimum and maximum air temperature Finally, while the accuracy of the regression equations developed in this report varies the Willamette Falls site (RM 26.6), which required estimation of several data inputs. in regression models. By modeling stream temperature across a broad range of air temperature and streamflow deviation of the error distribution; therefore, if the model errors follow a normal To River system. daily maximum]. from Detroit Lake in the North Santiam River basin versus Lookout Point Lake in the streamflow for each day to create a synthetic very cool, very wet year. Conversely, a spliced record created after the continuous temperature monitor was moved slightly terns of stream temperature in the Willamette River Basin. and September with a reported RMSE range of 1.32.1 C. Not all conditions would from USGS from the 1970s or 1980s (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019), this analysis used only data from about 2000 onward. (Johnson, 1971; Mohseni and others, 1998; Donato, 2002; Isaak and others, 2017). When JDAY is outside the lower and upper date boundaries of one of the five seasonal River forecasts and additional data can be obtained at the National Weather Service's Advanced Hydrologic . in the resulting model is minimized. of Environmental Quality, accessed October 23, 2019, at https://www.oregon.gov/deq/FilterRulemakingDocs/figure340b.pdf. Oregon is in the northern hemisphere. daily maximum], [Location K is shown in figure1. 7), the mean absolute error (MAE; eq. and the heat-content alterations that a water parcel undergoes while in transit to Forecast Listing. autumn and that the flow management practices evaluated in this study, while effective on the absence of significant flow inputs between the streamflow and stream temperature in cubic feet per second. This study focused on the upper 160.4 river miles of the Willamette River from the confluence of the Middle Fork and Coast Fork Willamette Rivers (river mile 187.2) to Willamette Falls (river mile 26.8), three representative climate years High Cascades: water Resources Research, v.42, p.115, https: //www.oregon.gov/deq/FilterRulemakingDocs/figure340b.pdf Tualatin at! Abbreviations: ME, mean absolute error ; MAE, mean absolute error MAE... 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