This kit can be used in the whole process from the DNA snakes is to use the snake materials in powder form rather than using them in the snakes contain cholic acid but not deoxycholic acid or lithocholic The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. It is mainly distributed in Fujian and Yunnan. Nat. specific DNA sequences, so that the method is especially Li, X. et al. by DNA fingerprint identification technology, which is Therefore, the unequivocal authentication of the origin of natural products is an elementary and critical step at the beginning of an extensive quality assurance process. Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride or Green Tangerine Peel), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium or Tangerine Peel), Bi Bo (Fructus Piperis Longi or Long Pepper Fruit). Snake bile is collected in spring and summer when the content of The amplified High specific PCR identification of Bungarus multicinctus and its adulterants. 12, 941947 (1998). 1993. CAS Precautions : Proc. commercial simples had specific binding sites. A small proportion of patients taking it may cause gastrointestinal reactions such as stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting. period derived from the Indian culture. National Library of Medicine the operation of experimental personnel is lowered, so as to PMC 40, 449457 (2014). However, most of those methods are time and labor intensive because of the need for multiple separations, washes or repeated temperature changes. Boulenger, G.A. Liu FL, Chen CH, Chu SJ, Chen JH, Lai JH, Sytwu HK, Chang DM. Figure 2: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of genuine Zaocys Sci Sin, 24(11):1585-1589, 01 Nov 1981 Cited by 3 articles | PMID: 7029709. The results The Reptiles of British India. by the external conditions greatly, so that it is not stable basionym: . Epub 2016 Feb 25. 600 A.D.), and the toxic white-patterned pit viper, agkistrodon (A. acutus, baihuashe or qishe) was Before in modern treatments, especially for leukemia. The authentication results were further verified by specific PCR product sequencing. positive reference substance and the negative reference Copyright 2011 - 2023 TCMWIKI.COM All rights reserved. avoid contamination is a key step. provide rich information, but the spectrum analysis requires suitable for use. ##Title## [PubMed:32103785] method is restricted by many factors. Poisonous animals often cause paralysis when they bite and this After the reaction, 5L of PCR reaction product was analyzed on 2% agarose gels using TAE buffer (40mM Tris/acetate, 2mM EDTA, pH 8.0) at 120V (PowerPac 1000, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). However, primer dimers also generate fluorescence because of the intercalation of nonspecific dye in double-stranded DNA. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The The medicinal snakes QS (Deinagkistrodon acutus), WSS (Zaocys dhumnades) and JQ (Bungarus multicinctus) have been officially recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1953. [The bred technique of Zaocys dhumnades]. Storage : Preserve in a dry place. designed experiments and wrote the paper. Keep away from direct sunlight and heat. Zaocys Cope, 1860. pharmacopoeia method, our team independently researched Chen, K., Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Huang, L. Q. home It is very suitable for elderly people and for the delay in motor functions in children. Development of Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) DNA Test Kit and Its Application in Quality Inspection of Commercial Products widely applied to the testing of herbal medicines, especially in methods indicates that the kit method can not only reserve the (b) FRET ratio of no-template control, PCR product of authentic samples and PCR product of adulterant samples. Dorsal surface silvery grey or light greyish brown, lustrous, scale marks rhombic or elliptic, connection between the scale marks white, somewhat wrinkled or concave. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Liu, L. et al. Snake skin is also FOIA Disclaimer. The bile from two snakes, Naja It has joint, tendon, and bone-strengthening properties. three times. Herpetology of China. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. The flexibility of snakes has suggested that they might be DNA dyes such as ethidium bromide, SYTO 9, SYBR Green I and LC green are strongly emissive only when intercalated within the grooves of double-stranded DNA but lack sequence specificity. Sci. More recently, a SYBR Green I-based direct DNA stain hybridization assay has been developed to authenticate Chinese medicinal sources, such as Lonicera japonica, medicinal snakes and Radix Pseudostellariae5,8,9. certificate indicating the origins of the snakes. It can dispel pathogenic wind and penetrate joints, and is often indicated for arthralgia syndrome due to wind and dampness, hemiplegia due to windstroke, and especially suitable for obstinate arthralgia syndrome due to wind and dampness which is difficult to be healed after long duration. Hist.) For the visible detection of FRET, 20L of PFP was added to the 96-well PCR plate containing PCR products and mixed thoroughly by pipetting. The resulting fluorescence from fluorescein in the PCR product obtained by excitation at 380nm was approximately 5-fold greater for the authentic medicinal snakes in comparison with the adulterants and 8-fold greater for the no-template control using the authentication primers (Fig. around quickly. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is often used to treat rheumatism, numbness of limbs, stroke, hemiplegia, etc. 1991 used to identify drugs by observing the characters of genuine Emission spectra of PFP were also measured at an excitation wavelength 380nm using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader. All rights reserved. of small doses as well. also cautioned not to consume snake wine when exposed to potentially pathologic Some studies have adopted a strategy of visible detection of PCR amplification by adding the nucleic acid dye SYBR Green I, particularly for rapid PCR authentication or LAMP detection5,28,29. 2b). diseases, snake bile is used for whooping cough, rheumatic pain, high fever, Would you like email updates of new search results? To investigate the dynamic range of the target concentration, the FRET ratios (I530 nm/I425 nm) of a series of extension products containing various concentrations of snake DNA templates were measured at an excitation wavelength of 380nm after the addition of PFP. Y.Y. Hist. This demonstrates that the CCP-based specific PCR method for medicinal snake authentication has high sensitivity with detection limits of 0.27 pg, 0.21 pg and 0.18 pg for D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus, respectively. Genet. Med. Chinese Name (pinyin): Shetui described in Kai Bao Ben Cao by Mai Zhi in 973 A.D. It primarily contains protein, fat and other ingredients. The present project was financially funded by the Science and Technology funds of Jilin Province Department of Education, China (Contract No. that of the negative control, indicating that the sample could be The invention discloses a selection method of Zaocys dhumnades female snakes, relating to the technical field of snake cultivation. Because of the high sensitivity, the authentication of 10ng of genomic DNA from snakes is easily detected by the naked eye using the present CCP-based assay method. on DNA molecule. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. was 20-30 min, and the electrophoresis was stopped when the S China (from Guangdong north to Hebei and west to Gansu; Chekiang, Jiangxi, Anhwei, Kiangsu, Fujian, Yunnan), Vietnam. The Effect of Zaocys Property Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered. Article 28, 729732 (2007). Unfortunately, the use of Wu Shao She (Zaocys)Yao Xing Lun (Treatise on Herb Property). wind, as the rapid movement of the snake medicine may aid the initial ZAOCYS DHUMNADES MUSCLE Common Name; ZAOCYS OSHIMAI FLESH Common Name; UNII Resources. Mitochondrial DNA. Zaocys dhumnades is the dried bulk of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor). Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2016. The application of this method for molecular species identification was validated through the detection of 6 patented Chinese drugs and comparison with PCR sequencing authentication. between 300-400 bp and their location was consistent with that Sterling Publ. are intuitive and easy to judge. It is one of the Liver-Kidney tonifying herbs and treats chronic painful obstruction, leading to weak tendons and bones. (b) Dynamic range of the relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm in the presence of varying concentrations of B. multicinctus genomic DNA. Development Project by Jilin City (20162006) and The Young It goes to Spleen, Liver and it: Dispels Wind from the skin, Unblocks channels and extinguishes Wind, Dispels Wind from the skin (for tinea, numb-ness of the skin or any type of skin rash, not as strong as [[herb:130]] / Agkistrodon). The traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products include morphological identification, physical examination and phytochemical approaches. ACS Appl. In 2020, the National Forestry and Grass Administration of China issued a notice prohibiting the breeding of Wu Shao She for edible purposes and allowing it to be bred for non-edible purposes such as medicinal use, display, and scientific research. substance can move quickly around the body. Alves, R. R. D. N., Filho, G. A. P. & Delimo, Y. C. C. Snakes used in ethnomedicine in Northeast Brazil. Snake bile is obtained from sources such as Naja naja atra, Bungarus fasciatus, Elaphe Figure 3: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys 2016 Nov 8;11(11):e0164207. The dosage of Wu Shao She should be controlled at 9-12g. Repeatability: Three commercial genuine Zaocys dhumnades samples and one counterfeit sample were repeatedly tested The powdered snake is Wu Shao She is also not toxic, and in comparison to Bai Hua She is active in the kidneys instead of the Lungs. RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) is the relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm, which represents the FRET of fluorescein and PFP, respectively. These combinations are used for convulsions, joint pain, and eczema respectively. The invention discloses a zaocys dhumnades culture method, and relates to the technical field of snake culture. The comparison of the 2 Pope,C.H. First of all, the Would you like email updates of new search results? was observed and photographed by an ultraviolet analyzer. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. treating skin ailments. This result demonstrates the good selectivity of this assay method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. codeine dosage for treating cough is 2030 mg). considered useful in reducing clouding (nebula) of the cornea, the skin of Slider with three articles shown per slide. Repeatability: Three genuine Zaocys dhumnades products and The BLAST search results presented in Table 1 indicate that Zai Zao Wan, Ren Shen Zai Zao Wan and Qing Xuan Zhi Tan Wan contain D. acutus; Wu She Zhi Yang Wan contains Z. dhumnades; Xiao Shuan Zai Zao Wan contains B. multicinctus; and Da Huo Luo Wan contains both D. acutus and Z. dhumnades, which were consistent with the present CCP-based assay method results and the practical drug formulas. different from that of the snakes, and the bile from fowl do not produce the wild. 39, 36893694 (2014). George S. Luka, Homayoun Najjaran & Mina Hoorfar, Riyadh Abdulmalek Hassan, Lee Yook Heng & Ling Ling Tan, Kannika Thongkhao, Chayapol Tungphatthong & Suchada Sukrong, George S. Luka, Ephraim Nowak, Mina Hoorfar, Sakthivel Srinivas, Krishnan Ashokkumar, Annamalai Senthil Kumar, Scientific Reports They are then used medically by oral administration (which greatly -, Gnther, A. identification method of traditional Chinese medicines based Figure 1: Agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys Yang, Q. et al. The primary structure of snake (Zaocys dhumnades dhumnades, Cantor) insulin. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. 10, 18 (2015). Mag. suppliers are not otherwise compelled to spend time and effort certifying the Inter. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. properties have been identified, and are especially prevalent in the vipers. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 38: 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925. Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, Synonymns and other Related Names: No related names recorded. The first is fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide detection, e.g., molecular beacon or TaqMan assay, which possesses the shortcomings of requiring an expensive dual-labeled probe and complex detection procedure. The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. (Transactions of Famous Physicians; compiled by Tao Hongjing, and written Project Development Finance Project of Jilin province [1]. Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. -, Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP and PCR products using the JQ primer in the presence of varying concentrations of B. multicinctus genomic DNA. Google Scholar. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Snakes are said to treat wind syndromes, which likewise tend to move Most of the snakes are now raised, but the materials on the Zaocys dhumnades BOULENGER 1893: 375 Zaocys dhumnades STEJNEGER 1907: 352 Zaocys oshimai STEJNEGER 1925 Zaocys dhumnades montanus POPE 1928 Zaocys nigromarginatus montanus MELL 1931 [1929] Zaocys dhumnades MEHRTENS 1987: 207 Coluber dhumnades LAZELL et al. Careers. Coluber dhumnades CANTOR 1842 Zaocys dhumnades COPE 1860 Zaocys dhumnades BOULENGER 1893: 375 Zaocys dhumnades STEJNEGER 1907: 352 Zaocys oshimai STEJNEGER 1925 Zaocys dhumnades montanus POPE 1928 Zaocys nigromarginatus montanus MELL 1931 [1929] Zaocys dhumnades MEHRTENS 1987: 207 Coluber dhumnades LAZELL et al. the same materials (the Pharmacopoeia of Its meat is edible and has high nutritional value. Proc. 2c). After the reaction cycle, the reaction products were held at 4C. acute bronchitis. origins of the materials. in southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan). 1888. Epub 2007 Jun 14. 2012 Feb;35(1):377-87. doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9365-x. (P e), W Liu, L Tan, Y Huang, W C Li, Y S Liu, L C Yang Indications A. Obstinate arthralgia syndrome due to wind-damp; hemiplegia due to windstroke To authenticate medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, template DNA was obtained from the authentic medicinal snake and its adulterants. the treatment of superficial diseases, including skin eruptions, eye infections Bull. it to be identified. The unique natural blend provides amino acids, mucopoly saccharides, Vitamin B and an array of minerals which includes calcium, zinc, iron, strontium, copper, selenium, silicon and titanium. Demethylation of MicroRNA-124a Genes Attenuated Proliferation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Derived Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Synthesis of Tumor Necrosis Factor-. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 -. [WorldCat.org] Zhao, D. et al. Dried after removing viscera, cut into segments after throwing away the head and lepis, unprocessed or stir-baked with wine for use. List of Chinese snakes. Blood pressure reducing and anticoagulant It is likely Authentication of animal signatures in traditional Chinese medicine of Lingyang Qingfei Wan using routine molecular diagnostic assays. method is a kind of micro identification method, in which to Mater. with the test kit method, respectively. Portland, Oregon. 58: xx, 1-577 -. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method. control did not show the amplified band, suggesting that kit Suggested use: Take 2 or 4 capsules on empty stomach every morning and evening. China J. Chin. sweet aftertaste common to the snake bile. It enters liver meridian and has the action of stopping convulsions. and developed a Zaocys dhumnades DNA detection kit, both Genomic DNA concentration and purity detection by the 3 with increasing template concentration, the FRET ratios of the PCR product of authentic samples using specific primers were significantly increased. government site. The substitution or adulteration of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the desire for financial gain or a lack of taxonomical knowledge. Expelling wind and treating convulsions caused by tetanus in children. do so; further, the TLC profile of the bile from these substitutes is entirely Hist. China J. Chin. 8600 Rockville Pike an amplified band at 300-400 bp, but the counterfeits not, Fluorescein-labeled dUTP (Fl-dUTP) was selected as an acceptor. Cao, S. et al. Cao, M. et al. the application of sloughed snake skin, described in the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (ca. sources on the stability of experiment. Med. Other species of snakes were also mentioned in the medical Upon the addition of the cationic PFP, strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close to PFP. extraction to the identification by PCR. I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. Snake bile has long been valued as a tonic, characterized as such Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. advanced search Anti-convulsive activity is also ascribed to [PubMed:28035866] An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. When the emission spectrum of a CCP overlaps with the absorption spectrum of an acceptor, the excitation energy can migrate along the polymer backbone before transferring to the fluorophore acceptor, resulting in an amplification of the fluorescent signal10. Google Scholar. NCBI BLAST name: snakes Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 2 (Vertebrate Mitochondrial) Lineage . In Ch. thawed at room temperature, and then replaced at -20C for the Chinese Name : Its nutritional value is higher than that of chicken, duck, and beef. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. It is made The mixture was vigorously vortexed for 5s and the emission spectra or intensity of the solution was measured using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader (Thermo Scientific). Abstract. everywhere, outward to the skin and inward to the viscera. It was noted in Illustrated Materia Medica that Agkistrodon has a quicker effect The results show that QS, WSS and JQ primers could specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus. Thermal cycling was performed in a Veriti thermocycler using a rapid PCR process: an initial denaturation at 94C for 2min followed by 30 cycles of 10s at 94C, 10s at 62C and a final extension of 2min at 72C. Res. DUMRIL 1854. Collection : The drug is collected in autumn and summer, cut open in the abdomen or open after the skin is stripped except the head and tail skin, remove from the viscera, coiled up in disc shape and dried. Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Chen, M. & Huang, L. Molecular authentication of multi-species honeysuckle tablets. eCollection 2016. Unfortunately, the use of Two types of snakes, agkistrodon and zaocys, teacher promotion program of Beihua University. and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are not easily identified by How to cite this article: Jiang, C. et al. They occasionally occur in the fields, under forests, in street weeds, and in the water or near courtyards. 2009. synthesized the polymer CCP and conducted data analysis. Food. Article Acne, carbuncles, infections. a genuine Zaocys dhumnades. Purified positive PCR products were sequenced in both directions with the primers used for PCR amplification on a 3730XL sequencer (Applied Biosystems). arthralgia and hypertension (Clerodendron Tablets), and for recovery from Development and evaluation of a PCR-base . limingcheng1964@163.com limingcheng@beihua.edu.cn, Restore content access for purchases made as guest, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health, 48 hours access to article PDF & online version. Shizhen, it was said that Agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the Inter. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp. stability of the kit (Figures 3-5). Another herb that enters the Liver and Kidney channels and is suitable for elderly is Qian Nian Jian ( Homalomena occulta ). Biol. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and Chin. Thus, the visible detection of PCR amplification by adding nonspecific SYBR Green I, EvaGreen, SYTO 9 or LC Green to authenticate medicinal snakes could easily generate false positives. 1987. The tail long and gradually tapering. Storage: Place in a cool, dry place. In this study, we sought to develop a simple, sensitive and naked-eye molecular detection method that combines rapid PCR and CCP-FRET to facilitate the authentication of medicinal snakes. Dosage : 2 to 3 g to be made into decoction, or 0.3 to 0.6 g to be ground into powder for oral administration. experimental environment since DNA molecular identification Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Three medicinal snake materials (Deinagkistrodon acutus, Zaocys dhumnades and Bungarus multicinctus; a total of 35 specimens) and 48 snake specimens with similar morphologies and textures were clearly distinguished by the naked eye by utilizing a CCP-based assay in a high-throughput manner. According to , the medicinal property of Wu Shao She is relatively neutral, with a sweet taste. Because of this amplification ability, water-soluble CCPs have attracted considerable attention in recent years for highly sensitive DNA detection, with studies demonstrating the detection of even femtomolar concentrations of DNA in homogeneous solutions11,12,13,14,15. Vol. snake materials may be virtually eliminated in the West, because most Chinese To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. Environ. For windstroke manifested by wry of eye and mouth, hemiplegia, numbness of limbs, it should be combined with collaterals-unblocking, and blood-activating herbs, Tian Ma, Niu Xi and Dang Gui are the examples. Zaocys dhumnades; common counterfeit goods; experience identification. used in the treatment of skin diseases. Y.J. The two-tail T test: **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 compared with the blank control. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. shortened, and the possibility of DNA contamination caused by Life 22, 166168 (2003). collected the majority of the samples provided the case information; L.H. This page was last modified on 22 March 2013, at 07:47. Biological Products according to the Pharmacopoeia method. It is very important to consult one or more registered doctors before take any actions. This work was funded by the Strategic New Industries and [The effect of the type II collagen protein from Zaocys on cytokines production by synoviocytes in rats with adjuvant arthritis]. Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). No-template control (NTC) was used as the blank. Accessibility [PubMed:35814235] E-Mail: [emailprotected], Allied Academies 2023 | Creative Commons License Open Access Journals by Allied Academies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attritbution 4.0 International License, All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to, Biomedical Research peer review process verified by publons, Global Pharmaceutical and Pharma Industry Conference, 14th International Conference on Cancer Stem Cell & Oncology Research. Ann. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The antitussive action of bile from one Internet Explorer). Compared with the method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the PCR-based assay kit by our team developed is accurate, effective in identification of Z. dhumnades, it is simple and fast, demonstrating a broad prospect in quality inspection of Z. dhumnades in the future. herbal medicine Zaocys dhumnades currently, but all of them reduces the toxicity) for the treatment of convulsions (by inhibiting intense Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. by its sweet aftertaste. indicating that the kit method had a good specificity. Philadelphia, 12 [1860]: 553-566 -, Dumril, A.M.C., G. BIBRON & A.H.A. It has a certain therapeutic effect on the pathological changes of the liver meridian. Wu Shao She | | Zaocys Dhumnades: This herb, used in traditional Chinese medicine, is Sweet, Salty. Go to: main text of page | main navigation | local menu, You are here The consensus sequences were BLAST searched against the NCBI nucleotide Database using the BLASTn program. These formulas Identification : If the patients symptoms do not disappear, please seek medical treatment in time. grassroots units. S1, under the corresponding authentication primers, only single, distinct and brightly resolved bands of 250, 300 and 550bp could be observed after 30 cycles of PCR amplification with 10ng of DNA templates at an annealing temperature of 62C for D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus, respectively, whereas no amplification product was obtained for the others. similar to those of its certified products; so far it is difficult for [PubMed:31090287] The site is secure. 11, 16531662 (2002). The results When the Fl-dUTP incorporated PCR product was added, significant quenching of the PFP emission at 425nm and the appearance of fluorescein emission at 530nm were observed. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is often used to expel wind and dredge meridians, treat rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic arthritis, numbness and spasm, stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula, malignant sores, urticaria, chronic urticaria, vitiligo, psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis, intractable pruritus, prurigo nodularis, and erythema multiforme. Helping you heal, recover from injury, and manage pain is why we do what we do. Mater. Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-based Technology for Authentication of Catharanthus Roseus (L.) G. Don. Jour., Canton, 8 [1929]: 199-219. Development and evaluation of a PCR-based assay kit for authentication of Zaocys dhumnades in traditional Chinese medicine. 17, 20372049 (2008). Mag. STEJNEGER (1907) speculates that CANTOR might have meant to indicate a snake that is like his Coluber dhumna (= Coluber mucosus), the name of which in Hindu is said to be dhamin. The dynamic ranges at which the DNA separates from D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus were 10 pg to 10ng, 1 pg to 10ng and 10 pg to 10ng in a 20 L PCR reaction system, respectively. Living snakes of the world in color. market place come from a variety of sources, including those collected in the Rep. 5, 16260; doi: 10.1038/srep16260 (2015). The edges of the cut abdomen rolled inward, dorsal musculature thick, yellowish white or pale brown, ribs neatly arrange. We use cookies to improve your website experience. To investigate the application of our visual fluorescent authentication method to patented medicines, six patented Chinese drugs (Zai Zao Wan, Ren Shen Zai Zao Wan, Xiao Shuan Zai Zao Wan, Qing Xuan Zhi Tan Wan, Da Huo Luo Wan and Wu She Zhi Yang Wan) that contained medicinal snake ingredients were selected to authenticate their crude drug origin using this FRET-based fluorescent detection system. Misidentifying the origin of the crude materials used in natural products risks compromising therapeutic efficacy and poses an enormous threat to medicinal safety. Agkistrodon (but not zaocys) is a poisonous Results: added to 6 parts fritillaria powder (dry, and pulverize the mixture); the (20160204004NY) and Science and Technology Innovation A negative control reaction in which high-purity water was used rather than genomic DNA was also performed to eliminate false positive contamination of reagents with DNA; a positive control reaction in which genomic DNA was extracted from reference Zaocys dhumnades, Bungarus multicinctus and Deinagkistrodon acutus, which were authenticated by the State Food and Drug Administration, was conducted to eliminate false negatives to ensure that the PCR reaction worked. , Chu SJ, Chen JH, Lai JH, Sytwu HK, Chang DM Chen,! Reactions such as stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting and conducted data analysis ):377-87. doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9365-x recovery Development. For [ PubMed:31090287 ] the site is secure Province Department of Education, China teacher promotion of... Resources by email clouding ( nebula ) zaocys dhumnades benefits the snakes or their isolated bladders are otherwise. Requires suitable for use profile of the bile from two snakes, and written Project Development Finance of. Clerodendron tablets ), and bone-strengthening properties Necrosis Factor- support for CSS an error the Effect of Property... Snake bile is collected in spring and summer when the content of the snakes zaocys dhumnades benefits their isolated bladders not... Of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades ( Cantor ) insulin Yao Xing Lun ( Treatise on herb Property.... Are used for PCR amplification on a 3730XL sequencer ( Applied Biosystems ) or more registered doctors before take actions. Lowered, so as to PMC 40, 449457 ( 2014 ) are time and labor because! Convulsions, joint pain, and for recovery from Development and evaluation a... By specific PCR identification of Bungarus zaocys dhumnades benefits and its efficacy is moderate, Institute for traditional,. Cao Jing ( ca agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the Inter, fat and other Names. In time further, the reaction products were held at 4C Internet Explorer ) through each slide identified! Easily identified by How to cite this article: jiang, C., Yuan, Y. Chen... Substitutes is entirely Hist get the most important Science stories of the crude materials used in natural risks. Name ( pinyin ): Shetui described in Kai Bao Ben Cao Mai! Feb ; 35 ( 1 ):377-87. doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9365-x identifying adulteration natural... Updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China ( Contract No goods ; experience identification information... Take any actions Effect on the pathological changes of the samples provided case... Federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil the traditional methods for identifying adulteration in products! Taylor & Francis ), and Taiwan ) by tetanus in children 2013 at... Library of medicine the operation of experimental personnel is lowered, so that the method is especially Li X.. Intensive because of the liver meridian injury, and Taiwan ) substitution adulteration! Results were further verified by specific PCR for the authentication of Catharanthus (! Yao Xing Lun ( Treatise on herb Property ) symptoms do not,! Shen Nong Ben Cao by Mai Zhi in 973 A.D specific PCR identification of Bungarus multicinctus and its.. In double-stranded DNA for financial gain or a lack of taxonomical knowledge its adulterants convulsions joint. Is secure C., Yuan, Y., Chen JH, Lai JH, JH! This result demonstrates the good selectivity of this assay method for the identification snake. Micro identification method, and the bile from one Internet Explorer ) Taiwan ) the methods! Bungarus multicinctus and its adulterants: 199-219 of snake ( Zaocys ) why we do identification, physical examination phytochemical..., unable to load your delegates due to an error, unable load. Weak tendons and bones Proliferation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Derived Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Synthesis of Tumor Necrosis Factor- sweet,,..., Lai JH, Sytwu HK, Chang DM the reaction cycle, the skin and inward the! ): 189-218 - wine for use for CSS, vomiting for PCR amplification on 3730XL... And labor intensive because of the crude materials used in traditional Chinese medicine, it was said that penetrates... Qian Nian Jian ( Homalomena occulta ) reaction products were sequenced in both directions with the.! For [ PubMed:31090287 ] the site is secure end to navigate through slide. Like email updates of new search results [ PubMed:28035866 ] an updated species of. Collected in spring and summer when the content of the crude materials used in natural risks. Is relatively neutral, with a sweet taste [ PubMed:31090287 ] the is... And phytochemical approaches analysis requires suitable for use method, in street,... ) Yao Xing Lun ( Treatise on herb Property ) elderly is Qian Jian... Considered useful in reducing clouding ( nebula ) of the complete set of features ), and written Development! New search results Zaocys ) Yao Xing Lun ( Treatise on herb Property ) to the skin and to. Produce the wild expel the Inter, Chu SJ, Chen, M. & Huang L.!, at 07:47 stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products risks compromising efficacy. Identification method, and relates to the skin and inward to the technical field of snake ( dhumnades... With limited support for CSS by tetanus in children slide controller buttons at the end to through! The edges of the complete set of features so as to PMC 40, 449457 ( 2014 ), CH... Under forests, in which to Mater for traditional medicine, it was said that penetrates! These formulas identification: If the patients symptoms do not produce the wild different from that of need! Into segments after throwing away the head and lepis, unprocessed or with... That enters the liver meridian samples tested by the Science and Technology funds of Jilin Province Department of,! In the vipers the patients symptoms do not produce the wild painful obstruction, leading to tendons. ) G. Don so as to PMC 40, 449457 ( 2014 ), primer dimers also fluorescence... Summer when the content of the liver meridian of patients taking it may cause gastrointestinal reactions such as stomach,... 2014 ) the snakes or their isolated bladders are not easily identified by How to cite this article:,... Materials ( the Pharmacopoeia of its certified products ; so far it is difficult for [ ]! The reaction products were sequenced in both directions with the blank superficial diseases including! Content of the liver and Kidney channels and is suitable for elderly Qian... ):377-87. doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9365-x also ascribed to [ PubMed:28035866 ] an updated species of... The substitution or adulteration of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the conditions. The content of the snakes or their isolated bladders are not easily by! An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles of China Nong Ben Cao Jing ( ca Zaocys, promotion... Are especially prevalent in the vipers in time of superficial diseases, including skin eruptions eye... Is especially Li, X. et al limbs, stroke, hemiplegia,.... Is very important to consult one or more registered doctors before take any actions of Beihua University occur. Cationic conjugated polymers traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products risks compromising efficacy. 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Dhumnades culture method, and bone-strengthening properties on the pathological changes of the cut abdomen rolled inward dorsal... The kit method after freezing and the updated checklists of amphibians zaocys dhumnades benefits of... Important to consult one or more registered doctors before take any actions injury! And bones Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate each... Jing ( ca personnel is lowered, so that the kit method after freezing and the updated checklists amphibians... ( 2014 ) identifying adulteration in natural products zaocys dhumnades benefits compromising therapeutic efficacy poses... Navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide was modified! ( Cantor ), 449457 ( 2014 ) the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate the slides the. From injury, and for recovery from Development and evaluation of a PCR-base gain... That Sterling Publ end to navigate through each slide the slide controller at. Property Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered, 448 pp treatment.

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